电动汽车无线充电环境的生物电磁安全评估

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L80823

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摘要随着电动汽车无线充电的研究与应用的迅速发展,关于电动汽车无线充电环境下承载生命体的电磁安全性问题成为社会公众关注的热点。基于生物学的热效应和非热效应这两个角度,对生命体在该环境下受到的电磁辐射影响进行安全评估。首先通过仿真软件设计了人体重点器官模型,模拟计算人暴露于电动汽车无线充电环境的车外站姿、车内坐姿、车座上躺姿情况;然后分析人体的安全性,研究表明,不同姿态下各器官的电磁安全指标结果均满足国际非电离辐射防护委员会（ICNIRP）标准,其中比吸收率（SARa）衡量热效应,其最大值为4.37×10^-7W·kg^-1,低于安全限值10 W·kg^-1;最后,建立电动汽车电磁安全评估系统的生物实验平台,从非热效应角度分析充电环境引起的生命体免疫安全指标变化,其结果基本在正常参考值范围内。该评估有利于电动汽车无线充电的推广应用。

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关键词 ：电动汽车的安全性评估, 人体器官模型, 电磁安全标准, 生物电磁暴露实验

Abstract：In recent years, with the rapid development of research and application for electric vehicle’s wireless charging,the electromagnetic safety problem of living organisms under the wireless charging environment of electric vehicles has become one of the hot spots of public concern. Based on these two angles of biological thermal and non-thermal effects from the electromagnetic radiation, the safety assessment of living organisms in the charging environment is conducted in this paper. Firstly, the key organ models of human body are designed by simulation software, and the different human postures are presented exposed to the wireless charging environment of electric vehicle: standing outside the car , sitting in the car and lying on the seat. Then the electromagnetic safety of human body is analyzed. The research suggests that,electromagnetic safety indexes of each organ under various postures basically meet the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standard. Among this, the specific absorption rate（SAR）measures the thermal effect. The maximum SAR value is 4.37×10^-7 W·kg^-1, which is below 10 W·kg^-1 in safety limit. Finally, a biological experiment platform is established for the electromagnetic safety assessment system of electric vehicles. From the perspective of non-thermal effects, the biological experiments have confirmed that there is no obvious changes of life immune indexes caused by the charging environment and the results are basically within the normal reference range. The assessment in this research is conducive to the popularization of electric vehicles’ wireless charging.

Key words： Safety assessment of EV human organ model electromagnetic safety standard exposure verification in biological experiment

收稿日期: 2018-07-11 出版日期: 2019-09-20

PACS:	TM154
	TM72

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2018YFB0106300）、国家自然科学基金（51677132）、天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划（TD13-5040）和国家电网公司科技项目（5442DG170008）资助

通讯作者: 张献男,1983年生,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为无线电能传输技术、工程电磁场与磁技术。E-mail：zxshow1983@163.com

作者简介: 高妍女,1995年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为无线电能传输技术及其应用。E-mail：zhangxiaolan123456@163.com

引用本文:

高妍, 张献, 杨庆新, 魏斌, 王磊. 电动汽车无线充电环境的生物电磁安全评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(17): 3581-3589. Gao Yan, Zhang Xian, Yang Qingxin, Wei Bin, Wang Lei. Bio-Electromagnetic Safety Assessment of Wireless Charging Environment for Electric Vehicles. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(17): 3581-3589.

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