TiO<sub>2</sub>纳米粒子粒径对油纸绝缘流注特性的影响

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.180430

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摘要为进一步了解纳米粒子对变压器油纸复合绝缘系统性能改性的影响机理,基于补光曝光法和阴影法,分别拍摄了标准正雷电冲击波下 5 nm、10 nm、15 nm的球形TiO₂纳米油浸纸板（NPs）和纯油浸纸板（OPs）正、侧面流注发展过程。试验结果表明,与纯油浸纸板界面流注相比,三种TiO₂纳米粒子均抑制了正流注的发展速度,加快了消散速度;同时纳米粒子的添加使得界面流注分支变多呈现簇状,流注头部更倾于向油中发展,且纳米粒子粒径越小对油纸沿面绝缘性能的改性效果越好。其中,5 nm纳米粒子改性油浸纸板流注发展截止长度较Ops减小了32.6%。这是因为 TiO₂纳米粒子的加入引入大量浅陷阱,一方面浅陷阱将吸附流注等离子区高速运动的电子而形成低速运动的负离子,加大了流注头部正负电荷复合的概率;另一方面浅陷阱间形成浅陷阱带,陷阱间距变小,电荷在浅陷阱带中传输,迁移率提高,抑制了空间电荷的积累,纳米粒子比表面积随粒径的减小而增大,浅陷阱量更多,改性效果更显著。

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关键词 ： TiO₂纳米粒子, 粒径, 界面流注, 复合, 浅陷阱

Abstract：To further understand the influence mechanism of nanoparticles on oil-paper insulation in transformer, this paper presents experimental research on streamer propagation of 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm spherical TiO₂ nanofluids-impregnated pressboards (NPs) and pure oil-impregnated pressboards (OPs) under positive standard lightning impulse voltage. The streamer propagation images at the interface of all samples were shot from the front and side, based on the fill light-exposure technique and the shadowgraph technique respectively. It is shown that the three types of TiO₂ nanoparticles can inhibit the velocity of positive streamers and accelerate the dissipation progress. The interface streamer branches of the NPs are more clustered and the trends of the streamer heads are more inclined to the oil, attributed to the nanoparticles. The modification effect is better with the smaller size of the nanoparticles. The steamer stopping length of 5 nm NPs is 32.6% lower than that of OPs. It is because a large number of shallow traps will be introduced after the addition of TiO₂ nanoparticles. On the one hand, the shallow traps adsorb the high-speed electrons in plasma to form low-speed negative ions. Therefore, the probability of charge recombination at the streamer head is increased. On the other hand, the spacing between shallow traps becomes smaller, forming shallow traps band area. The charges are transported in shallow traps band, increasing the charge mobility and inhibiting the accumulation of space charge. These two effects make the electric field decrease at the streamer head. The specific surface area of nanoparticles increases with the decreasing size, result in more shallow traps and better modification effects.

Key words： TiO₂ nanoparticles nanoparticle size interface streamer recombination shallow trap

收稿日期: 2018-03-26 出版日期: 2019-04-17

PACS:

TM85

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51337003）

作者简介: 牛铭康男,1995年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为纳米材料对变压器油纸绝缘的改性。E-mail：niumingkang@163.com

引用本文:

王磊, 牛铭康, 应宇鹏, 吕玉珍, 李成榕. TiO₂纳米粒子粒径对油纸绝缘流注特性的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(7): 1544-1551. Wang Lei, Niu Mingkang, Ying Yupeng, Lü Yuzhen, Li Chengrong. Streamer Characteristics of TiO₂ Nanofluid/Pressboard System with Different Nanoparticle Size. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(7): 1544-1551.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.180430 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2019/V34/I7/1544

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通信作者:王磊男,1994年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为纳米材料对变压器油纸绝缘的改性.E-mail:1297558219@qq.com