电工技术学报  2024, Vol. 39 Issue (20): 6282-6292    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231507
电工理论 |
基于多级电容电场感应取能周期性供电电源的优化设计方法
王维1,2, 任翰林1,2, 许晨进1,2, 段名荣1,2
1.南京师范大学南瑞电气与自动化学院 南京 210046;
2.江苏省综合能源设备及集成国际联合实验室 南京 210046
Optimization Design Method for Periodic Power Supply Based on Multi-Stage Capacitor Electric Field Energy Harvesting
Wang Wei1,2, Ren Hanlin1,2, Xu Chenjin1,2, Duan Mingrong1,2
1. NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210046 China;
2. Jiangsu Provincial Integrated Energy Equipment and Integration International Joint Laboratory Nanjing 210046 China
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摘要 电场能因具有供能稳定的特点可作为输变电设备上在线监测设备的可靠供电来源,但在实际应用场景中存在因取能功率密度低而使在线监测装置工作间歇时间较长的问题。针对该问题,该文提出一种基于多级电容的电场感应取能电源结构及控制方式,协调各级取能电容充放电工作模式,并通过采用多绕组变压器能量传输媒介、优化配置取能电源关键参数,有效降低装置损耗与体积,提升能量转移效率。最终通过实验测试可在高压电场下进行能量采集,当采用两级取能电路进行取能的情况下,通过优化关键取能参数使得每周期取能能量可达226 mJ,工作时间增加至优化前的2.11倍,可满足无线电流传感器工作1.648 s,发送3次在线监测数据。
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王维
任翰林
许晨进
段名荣
关键词 在线监测电场取能隔离开关充放电控制无线电流传感器    
Abstract:With the development of the smart grid, a large number of new sensors have entered the power system, taking an essential part in the online monitoring system of the power grid. On the sensor power supply source, the drawbacks of the traditional power supply mode can be effectively solved by utilizing environmental energy to supply online monitoring devices. Electric field energy has a stable energy supply, which can be used as a reliable power source for online monitoring devices of power transmission and transformation equipment. However, in practical applications, due to the low power consumption of electric field-induction energy harvesting methods, the intermittent time of online monitoring devices is long. This paper proposed a structure and control method for the electric-field energy harvesting power source based on the multi-stage capacitor to reduce device losses and volume and improve energy transfer efficiency.
Firstly, the disconnector is selected as a practical application scenario. By constructing an equal-scale finite element model, the influence of the area and installation position of the energy harvesting electrode on the energy harvesting performance is obtained. Secondly, the structure of the electric field energy harvesting circuit for multi-stage capacitors and its working logic are introduced. This circuit operates in a periodic mode. When using two-stage energy harvesting capacitors, each working cycle can be divided into three stages: the charging stage, the first-stage capacitor discharge stage, and the second-stage capacitor discharge stage. When the second stage energy harvesting capacitor is discharged, it enters the next work cycle. Thirdly, by simplifying the equivalent circuit of the discharge circuit of the energy harvesting capacitor and solving the state equation of the circuit in parallel, the energy transfer efficiency expression for each stage of energy harvesting capacitor discharge is obtained. Finally, the capacitance values of the energy harvesting capacitor and energy storage capacitor are selected based on the actual energy demand of the sensor load. The influence of transformer turn ratios on the energy achievable per cycle and energy transfer efficiency is analyzed. Then, the optimal transformer turn ratio is selected to optimize the energy harvesting performance.
The results show that when the energy harvesting capacitors reach the discharge threshold voltage, the first-stage energy harvesting capacitor begins to discharge. After discharge, the second-stage energy harvesting capacitor continues to discharge. After both energy-harvesting capacitors are discharged, the circuit enters the next working cycle. When the capacitance values of the energy collection and the energy storage capacitors are selected as 1.675 μF and 1 000 μF, and the discharge threshold voltage of the energy collection capacitor is set to 500 V, the energy collection performance of multi-winding transformers with different turn ratios is compared. When the turn ratio of the transformer is selected as 1 500/1 500/88, the energy transfer efficiency of the discharged energy harvesting capacitor is the highest, reaching 54.4%. This circuit can obtain 226 mJ of energy per cycle, which meets the wireless current sensor operation requirements for 1.648 seconds and sends 3 online monitoring data.
Key wordsOnline monitoring    electric field energy harvesting    disconnector    charging and discharging control    wireless current sensor   
收稿日期: 2023-09-12     
PACS: TM72  
基金资助:国家自然科学青年基金项目(51807095)、江苏省333高层次人才培养工程专项(3-16-292)和江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究项目(22KJB470021)资助
通讯作者: 王 维 男,1988年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为无线电能传输技术、输变电环境取能技术等。E-mail: wangw_seu@163.com   
作者简介: 任翰林 男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为输变电设备电场感应取能技术。E-mail: 211846076@njnu.edu.cn
引用本文:   
王维, 任翰林, 许晨进, 段名荣. 基于多级电容电场感应取能周期性供电电源的优化设计方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(20): 6282-6292. Wang Wei, Ren Hanlin, Xu Chenjin, Duan Mingrong. Optimization Design Method for Periodic Power Supply Based on Multi-Stage Capacitor Electric Field Energy Harvesting. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(20): 6282-6292.
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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231507          https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2024/V39/I20/6282