基于电气特性-物理参数耦合的交流电弧炉模型

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摘要

现有电弧炉模型主要关注电弧内部与外部特性的联系,割裂了电弧内部微观下电气与物理的耦合影响,难以体现电弧的电热物理本质,导致仿真精度有所欠缺。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种改进的新型交流电弧炉模型。首先,在电子连续性方程的基础上,构建电弧的电气特性模型;其次,根据弧柱磁压缩力平衡方程和瞬时能量平衡方程分别构建电弧的压强、温度等物理参数模型,推导得到电弧内部的电气特性与物理参数之间的耦合机理,得到两者的耦合模型;然后,基于电弧炉变压器二次侧额定电流和最大电弧温度之间的关系,利用麻雀搜索算法对电弧温度曲线进行辨识,确定物理模型的各个参数;最后,依据50t、55t炼钢交流电弧炉的现场实测数据,在Matlab/Simulink平台上搭建模型以验证模型的正确性。仿真结果表明,所提模型更符合交流电弧炉实际运行过程中的物理本质,能更精确地反映其谐波、电压波动特性。

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	徐云聪
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关键词 ：交流电弧炉, 电弧温度, 麻雀算法, 电气特性, 物理参数

Abstract：

The accurate modeling of electric arc furnaces(EAF) is important for studying the impacton power quality of EAF and developing relevant management measures in the power grid. However, the existing researchmainly treats the electric arc as a nonlinear electrical component, which ignores the coupling of electric and physical parametersin the electric arc and makes it difficult to reflect the electrothermal physical nature of the arc, resulting in a lack of simulation accuracy.
In this paper, an improved AC arc furnace model is proposed. The voltage and current of the arc are defined as electrical characteristics, while the temperature and pressure that characterize the arc state are defined as physical parameters. The coupling mechanism between the electrical and physical parameters of the arc was determined based on the electronic continuity equation, Ohm's Law, the magnetic compression force balance equation and the instantaneous energy balance equation. It constructs a general model that more accurately reflects the harmonic and voltage fluctuation of AC electric arc furnaces. Its mathematical expressions are given as follows:
$\left\{\begin{array}{c} \frac{\mathrm{d} n_{\mathrm{e}}}{\mathrm{d} t} \cong \frac{A P}{e}|i \cdot F(L)| \exp \left(-\frac{B^{\prime} P e n_{\mathrm{e}} \mu_{\mathrm{e}}}{|i \cdot F(L)|}\right)-\frac{7.896 \times 10^{-5} n_{\mathrm{e}}^{2}}{T} \\ u=\int_{0}^{L} E \mathrm{~d} z=\frac{i L F(L)}{e \mu_{\mathrm{e}} n_{\mathrm{e}}} \end{array}\right.$ (1)
$\left\{\begin{array}{c} \frac{\partial T}{\partial t}=\frac{[i \cdot F(L)]^{2}}{\rho c e n_{e} \mu_{e}} b-b_{1} \frac{P}{\rho c T} e^{-\frac{E_{m}}{b_{2} k T}} \\ P=[i \cdot F(L)]^{2} \mu_{0} \frac{r^{2}}{4}+P_{0} \end{array}\right.$ (2)
For the unknown parameters in the models: A, B^', r_cand L₀can be estimated and determined through mechanistic analysis; b, b₁, and b₂ can be identified using the arc furnace transformer parameters and existing arc temperature-related research to construct an arc temperature curve for identifying the parameters whichare suitable for different models of AC electric arc furnaces. This reduces data requirements and facilitates practical engineering applications.
The measured data of 50t and 55t electric arc furnaces of the two steel mills are used to verify the correctness and applicability of the model. The results indicate that the temperature of the AC arc in the simulation varies with the arc current, exhibiting an alternating characteristic and a double-frequency relationship. Due to the thermal inertia of the arc, the peak temperature of the arc lags behind the peak current. And the pressure in the arc column fluctuates around atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, considering the electrical-physical coupling characteristics of the arc, the simulation accuracy of the electrical characteristics such as harmonic voltage, harmonic current, and voltage fluctuations of the AC electric arc furnaces has been further improved compared to existing methods.

Key words： AC electric arc furnace arc temperature Sparrow Search Algorithm electrical characteristic physical parameters

收稿日期: 2023-01-09

PACS:

TF748.41

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51777035）

通讯作者: 张逸, 男,1984年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为电能质量、主动配电网以及电力数据分析等。E-mail：zhangyi@fzu.edu.cn

作者简介: 徐云聪, 男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电能质量分析。E-mail：1360397798@qq.com

引用本文:

徐云聪, 张逸, 林才华, 刘必杰. 基于电气特性-物理参数耦合的交流电弧炉模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 9009-9. Xu Yuncong, Zhang Yi, Lin Caihua, Liu Bijie. AC Arc Furnace Model Based on Coupling of Electrical and Physical Parameters. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 9009-9.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/9009

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