含UDE附加阻尼支路的构网型直驱永磁同步风电机组次同步振荡抑制策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230153

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1911 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

针对构网型直驱永磁同步风电机组弱电网下次同步振荡问题,提出了基于不确定性和扰动估计器（UDE）的附加阻尼支路振荡抑制策略。首先,网侧变流器采用虚拟同步机（VSG）技术,并基于谐波线性化理论建立了网侧变流器序阻抗模型。其次,深入分析引入电压-电流双闭环控制对弱电网下构网型直驱永磁同步风电机组产生次同步振荡的影响特性,提出了电流环引入UDE附加阻尼支路的振荡抑制策略。基于UDE的附加阻尼控制采用滤波带宽思想对系统扰动进行估计,通过动态电压补偿方式实现阻尼支撑,可有效抑制次同步振荡,并提升系统鲁棒性。最后,通过时域仿真验证了所提振荡抑制方法的有效性。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	陈建
	任永峰
	孟庆天
	薛宇
	何晋伟

关键词 ：直驱永磁同步风电机组, 次同步振荡, 虚拟同步发电机, 不确定性和扰动估计器, 附加阻尼

Abstract：

Under the background of continuous growth of wind power installed capacity, grid-forming converters are used to solve the problem of system inertia loss caused by high proportion of power electronic equipment in wind power system. During the interaction between the grid-forming direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (D-PMSG) and the weak grid, its equivalent capacitance and the weak grid inductance produce resonance. Especially in remote areas, the sub-synchronous oscillation occurs with the resonance diverging under condition of negative damping. Compared with the traditional sub-synchronous oscillation dominated by shafting dynamics, the oscillation phenomenon in the new power system often begins with small signal negative damping divergence and ends in nonlinear continuous oscillation, which shows the characteristics of wide oscillation frequency range. In order to solve the problem of sub-synchronous oscillation caused by the lack of damping, an oscillation suppression strategy of supplementary damping branch based on uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) in grid-forming D-PMSG is proposed.
The sequence impedance model of grid-side converter is established, and the stability of virtual synchronous generator (VSG) with or without voltage-current double closed-loop is analyzed. The sequence impedance of VSG without voltage-current double closed-loop is inductive as a whole, which is similar to the characteristics of traditional synchronous generator. Under this mode, there is no interactive resonance with the weak grid, and the system stability is good, but it cannot achieve accurate voltage regulation and current limiting. The positive sequence impedance of VSG with voltage-current double closed-loop is capacitive as a whole, and the negative damping characteristics appear locally, which has the risk of sub-synchronous oscillation. In order to improve the damping characteristics of grid-forming D-PMSG, the UDE supplementary damping branch is introduced into current loop. The mathematical model of UDE damping controller is established, and the VSG sequence impedance model after introducing UDE controller is derived. The influence of UDE controller parameters on system stability is analyzed based on sequence impedance model with UDE. The parameters of reference model and error feedback gain are mainly used to improve the performance of the controller itself, which has little influence on the stability of VSG. The filter bandwidth of UDE controller has a great influence on the stability of the system. Increasing the filter bandwidth can improve the damping characteristics, but it is more affected by noise. Therefore, the choice of filter bandwidth needs to be compromised. After introducing the UDE supplementary damping branch, the negative damping interval of the VSG is sharply reduced, and the stability of the system is significantly improved.
Conclusions can be drawn that: (1) The sequence impedance model of VSG in the frequency domain is derived. After introducing double closed-loop control, the grid-forming D-PMSG presents negative damping and capacitive characteristics in a specific frequency band, and the sub-synchronous oscillation occurs under interaction with the weak grid. (2) The UDE supplementary damping branch control model is established with the idea of filter bandwidth, which can suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation effectively within a certain range of grid strength. This method solves the problem that the traditional supplementary damping control must change the control parameters frequently, and improves the ability of the system to adapt to complex working conditions. (3) Under the step disturbance of grid voltage and active power command, the system can also suppress sub-synchronous oscillation well, which presents obvious anti-interference ability and good system robustness.

Key words： Direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator sub-synchronous oscillation virtual synchronous generator uncertainty and disturbance estimator supplementary damping

收稿日期: 2023-02-13

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金项目（51967016, 51567020）和内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2022LHQN05001）资助

通讯作者: 任永峰男,1971年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新型电力系统、综合能源系统、氢能储能技术。E-mail：renyongfeng@vip.sina.com

作者简介: 陈建男,1987年生,博士研究生,研究方向为新能源并网稳定性分析与控制。E-mail：chenjian19870612@163.com

引用本文:

陈建, 任永峰, 孟庆天, 薛宇, 何晋伟. 含UDE附加阻尼支路的构网型直驱永磁同步风电机组次同步振荡抑制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230153-230153. Chen Jian, Ren Yongfeng, Meng Qingtian, Xue Yu, He Jinwei. Sub-Synchronous Oscillation Suppression Strategy for Grid-Forming Direct-Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator with UDE Supplementary Damping Branch. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230153-230153.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230153 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/230153

[1] 肖湘宁, 罗超, 廖坤玉. 新能源电力系统次同步振荡问题研究综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(6): 85-97.
Xiao Xiangning, Luo Chao, Liao Kunyu.Review of the research on subsynchronous oscillation issues in electric power system with renewable energy sources[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(6): 85-97.
[2] 卓振宇, 张宁, 谢小荣, 等. 高比例可再生能源电力系统关键技术及发展挑战[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(9): 171-191.
Zhuo Zhenyu, Zhang Ning, Xie Xiaorong, et al.Key technologies and developing challenges of power system with high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(9): 171-191.
[3] Li Yin, Fan Lingling, Miao Zhixin.Wind in weak grids: low-frequency oscillations, subsynchronous oscillations, and torsional interactions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2020, 35(1): 109-118.
[4] 邵冰冰, 赵峥, 肖琪, 等. 多直驱风机经柔直并网系统相近次同步振荡模式参与因子的弱鲁棒性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(3): 754-769.
Shao Bingbing, Zhao Zheng, Xiao Qi, et al.Weak robustness analysis of close subsynchronous oscillation modes’ participation factors in multiple direct-drive wind turbines with the VSC-HVDC system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(3): 754-769.
[5] Yan Gangui, Hu Wenbo, Jia Qi, et al.Analysis of subsynchronous oscillation of direct drive PMSG based wind farm under low operating condition[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 2021, 16(1): 1-13.
[6] 宫泽旭, 艾力西尔·亚尔买买提, 辛焕海, 等. 新能源电力系统并网设备小扰动稳定分析(二): 导出机理与稳定性分类探讨[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(14): 5126-5140.
Gong Zexu, Yaermaimaiti Ailixier, Xin Huanhai, et al.Small signal stability analysis of grid-connected equipment in power system (part Ⅱ): discussion on mechanism derivation and classification of stability[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(14): 5126-5140.
[7] 李龙源, 付瑞清, 吕晓琴, 等. 接入弱电网的同型机直驱风电场单机等值建模[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(3): 712-725.
Li Longyuan, Fu Ruiqing, Lü Xiaoqin, et al.Single machine equivalent modeling of weak grid connected wind farm with same type PMSGs[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(3): 712-725.
[8] 李光辉, 王伟胜, 刘纯, 等. 直驱风电场接入弱电网宽频带振荡机理与抑制方法(一):宽频带阻抗特性与振荡机理分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(22): 6547-6562.
Li Guanghui, Wang Weisheng, Liu Chun, et al.Mechanism analysis and suppression method of wideband oscillation of PMSG wind farms connected to weak grid (part Ⅰ): analysis of wideband impedance characteristics and oscillation mechanism[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(22): 6547-6562.
[9] 王旭斌, 杜文娟, 王海风. 直驱风电并网系统中锁相环引起次同步振荡的开环模式谐振机理分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(7): 1935-1950, 2209.
Wang Xubin, Du Wenjuan, Wang Haifeng.Mechanism analysis of open-loop modal resonance on subsynchronous oscillations caused by PLL in power systems with integrated PMSGs[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(7): 1935-1950, 2209.
[10] 董文凯, 杜文娟, 王海风. 弱连接条件下锁相环动态主导的并网直驱风电场小干扰稳定性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(3): 609-622.
Dong Wenkai, Du Wenjuan, Wang Haifeng.Small-signal stability of a grid-connected PMSG wind farm dominated by dynamics of PLLs under weak grid connection[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(3): 609-622.
[11] 吕佃顺, 许洪华, 马强, 等. 直驱变流器接入弱电网次同步振荡机理分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(5): 423-429.
Lyu Dianshun, Xu Honghua, Ma Qiang, et al.Analysis of sub-synchronous oscillation mechanism of direct-drive wind turbine inverter connected to weak power system[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(5): 423-429.
[12] Zhong Qingchang, Weiss G.Synchronverters: inverters that mimic synchronous generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(4): 1259-1267.
[13] Imai H, Orihara D, Iioka D, et al.A novel virtual synchronous generator control of PMSG-based wind generation system to enhance transient stability of power system[C]//2018 IEEE Electronic Power Grid (eGrid), Charleston, SC, USA, 2018: 1-6.
[14] 刘一锋, 周小平, 洪乐荣, 等. 虚拟惯性控制的负荷变换器接入弱电网的序阻抗建模与稳定性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(4): 843-856.
Liu Yifeng, Zhou Xiaoping, Hong Lerong, et al.Sequence impedance modeling and stability analysis of load converter with virtual inertia control connected to weak grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(4): 843-856.
[15] Cespedes M, Sun Jian.Impedance modeling and analysis of grid-connected voltage-source converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2014, 29(3): 1254-1261.
[16] Kazem Bakhshizadeh M, Wang Xiongfei, Blaabjerg F, et al.Couplings in phase domain impedance modeling of grid-connected converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2016, 31(10): 6792-6796.
[17] 杜燕, 赵韩广, 杨向真, 等. 考虑频率耦合效应的虚拟同步发电机序阻抗建模[J]. 电源学报, 2020, 18(6): 42-49.
Du Yan, Zhao Hanguang, Yang Xiangzhen, et al.Sequence impedance modeling of virtual synchronous generator considering frequency coupling effect[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2020, 18(6): 42-49.
[18] 伍文华, 周乐明, 陈燕东, 等. 序阻抗视角下虚拟同步发电机与传统并网逆变器的稳定性对比分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(5): 1411-1421.
Wu Wenhua, Zhou Leming, Chen Yandong, et al.Stability comparison and analysis between the virtual synchronous generator and the traditional grid-connected inverter in the view of sequence impedance[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(5): 1411-1421.
[19] 伍文华, 陈燕东, 周乐明, 等. 虚拟同步发电机接入弱电网的序阻抗建模与稳定性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(6): 1560-1571, 1853.
Wu Wenhua, Chen Yandong, Zhou Leming, et al.Sequence impedance modeling and stability analysis for virtual synchronous generator connected to the weak grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(6): 1560-1571, 1853.
[20] Xu Yunyang, Nian Heng, Wang Yangming, et al.Impedance modeling and stability analysis of VSG controlled grid-connected converters with cascaded inner control loop[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(19): 5114.
[21] 周佩朋, 宋瑞华, 李光范, 等. 直驱风电机组次同步振荡阻尼控制方法及其适应性[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(13): 177-184.
Zhou Peipeng, Song Ruihua, Li Guangfan, et al.Damping control method of subsynchronous oscillation for direct drive wind turbine generator and its adaptability[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(13): 177-184.
[22] Guo Chunyi, Xu Liqing, Yang Shuo, et al.A supplementary damping control for MMC-HVDC system to mitigate the low-frequency oscillation under low inertia condition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2023, 38(1): 287-298.
[23] 李生虎, 张奥博, 夏伟健, 等. 并网DFIG多通道附加阻尼控制器设计及其控制参数整定[J/OL]. 电力自动化设备: 1-12[2023-03-01]. DOI: 10.16081/j. epae.202211027.
Li Shenghu, Zhang Aobo, Xia Weijian, et al.Design of and parameter setting for multi-band supplementary damping controllers of DFIG-integrated system[J/OL]. Electric Power Automation Equipment: 1-12[2023-03-01]. DOI:10.16081/j.epae.202211027.
[24] 王杨, 杨汉芦, 肖先勇, 等. 双馈风机附加次同步阻尼控制器抑制方法分析与优化设计[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42(8): 184-190.
Wang Yang, Yang Hanlu, Xiao Xianyong, et al.Mitigation method analysis and optimization design of doubly-fed induction generator additional subsynchronous damping controller[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42(8): 184-190.
[25] Zhong Qingchang, Wang Yeqin, Ren Beibei.UDE-based robust droop control of inverters in parallel operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017, 64(9): 7552-7562.
[26] Ren Jianjun, Ye Yongqiang, Xu Guofeng, et al.Uncertainty-and-disturbance-estimator-based Current control scheme for PMSM drives with a simple parameter tuning algorithm[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2017, 32(7): 5712-5722.
[27] Wang Yeqin, Ren Beibei, Zhong Qingchang.Bounded UDE-based controller for input constrained systems with uncertainties and disturbances[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(2): 1560-1570.
[28] 陈建, 任永峰, 云平平, 等. 基于UDE的虚拟同步发电机功频振荡抑制策略[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(12): 220-226.
Chen Jian, Ren Yongfeng, Yun Pingping, et al.Power-frequency oscillation suppression strategy of virtual synchronous generator based on UDE[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(12): 220-226.