计及调峰辅助服务的风电场/群经济制氢容量计算

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221847

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摘要针对“双碳”目标下风电深度消纳及电网灵活性提升的规模化风电制氢经济容量配置问题,本文提出了计及调峰辅助服务的风电场/群经济制氢容量计算方法,实现单个风电场及省级风电最佳制氢容量计算。在计及电解水制氢系统规模化成本效应的情况下,以净现值最大为目标,考虑电网调峰需求,构建制氢容量经济优化目标函数,对电解水制氢系统的初始投资成本、制氢电价、氢气售卖价格、电解槽转化率和设备退化率等参数进行敏感性分析,并在其基础上预测未来风电场/群制氢经济性。通过吉林省49个风电场的数据进行算例分析,结果表明,风电制氢参与调峰辅助服务市场能够在最大化消纳风电、提升电网动态调节能力的同时,计算出49个风电场及吉林省省级最佳经济制氢容量。本文为风电场/群制氢容量配置提供有效计算方法。

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	孔令国
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	刘闯
	蔡国伟

关键词 ：风电场/群, 制氢, 调峰辅助服务, 容量配置, 经济性

Abstract：With the proposal of carbon peak and neutrality targets and the orderly promotion of power system reform, the problem of poor dynamic regulation of the grid and the large-scale renewable energy grid connection and consumption issues are becoming increasingly significant. The grid-connected operation of renewable energy coupled with power-to-gas facility helps to promote safe, reliable and cost-effective connection of high proportion of renewable energy generation to the grid, and becomes one of the effective solutions for the friendly coordination of large-scale renewable energy with the grid and the maximization of grid-connected consumption. However, the high energy costs and investment costs of power-to-gas facility require higher economic rationality of capacity configuration. Therefore, how to optimize the capacity of power-to-gas facility to maximize the consumption of renewable energy and improve the flexibility of the grid while enabling large-scale economic use of hydrogen is an urgent issue to be addressed. This paper proposes a method for calculating the power-to-gas capacity of a hybrid energy system combining the wind farms/clusters with a power-to-gas facility, taking into account the peak regulation auxiliary services, through the analysis of 49 wind farms in Jilin province, the optimal power-to-gas capacity of each wind farm and the whole province can be obtained.
Firstly, the topology of the hybrid energy system combining the wind farms/clusters with a power-to-gas facility was established, and a market profit model for the system to participate in the peak regulation auxiliary service of the grid was proposed. Secondly, an economic optimization model of the hydrogen production capacity was constructed with the objective of maximizing the net present value, taking into account the effect of the size of a power-to-gas facility. Finally, using MATLAB to solve the model, the capacity factor of the power-to-gas facility relative to the wind farm and the corresponding net present value with different peak regulation subsidy prices were calculated, the results of the optimal power-to-gas capacity of each wind farm and the whole province were obtained.
The results show that: (1) Through the analysis of 49 wind farms in Jilin Province, we can obtain the break-even subsidy price for peak regulation for each wind farm and the whole province, and the optimal power-to-gas capacity under the corresponding break-even price. In Jilin Province, when the subsidy price of peak regulation is higher than RMB 0.37/kWh, the economics of participating in peak regulation auxiliary service is better than not. (2) Through the analysis of the peak regulation results, the effectiveness of the proposed method for reducing the wind curtailment rate and improving the economy of the system was verified. (3) According to the sensitivity analysis, the importance of each factor was ranked as follows: hydrogen price, electrolyzer conversion rate, electricity price for hydrogen production, initial investment cost of power-to-gas system, equipment degradation rate. When the electricity price for hydrogen production decreases by 3% per year, the electrolyzer conversion rate increases by 2% per year, and the initial investment cost of power-to-gas system changes according to its empirical formula, the break-even price of hydrogen in 2050 is expected to be 53.64% to 58.68% lower than the current one for different peak regulation subsidy prices, with a minimum of RMB 21.3/kg. (4) The participation of hydrogen production in the peak regulation ancillary services market is currently profitable, but in order to realize the large-scale economic utilization of hydrogen, the following aspects need to be taken into account: ① Improve electrolyzer conversion rate. Rational design of electrolyzer geometry, research and development of cathode and anode materials with high catalytic performance and stability. ②Reduce the electricity price for hydrogen production. Explore supportive policies for hydrogen production from renewable energy and improve the price mechanism for hydrogen to participate in electricity market transactions.

Key words： Wind farms/clusters hydrogen production peak regulation auxiliary service capacity configuration economics

收稿日期: 2022-09-28

PACS:

TM73

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1503100）和国家自然科学基金项目（51907021）资助项目

通讯作者: 孔令国男,1984年生,博士,副教授,从事可再生能源耦合氢能关键技术研究。E-mail：klgwin@neepu.edu.cn

作者简介: 陈钥含女,1997年生,硕士研究生,从事可再生能源制氢技术经济性分析。E-mail：chenyuehan0505@163.com

引用本文:

孔令国, 陈钥含, 万燕鸣, 王晓晨, 韩子娇, 刘闯, 蔡国伟. 计及调峰辅助服务的风电场/群经济制氢容量计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 99-99. Kong Lingguo, Chen Yuehan, Wan Yanming, Wang Xiaochen, Han Zijiao, Liu Chuang, Cai Guowei. Calculation of Economics of Power-to-Gas Capacity for Wind Farms/Clusters with Peak Regulation Auxiliary Service Response. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 99-99.

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