碳中和目标下电解水制氢关键技术及价格平准化分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.210658

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摘要随着低碳清洁氢发展成为全球共识,各国制氢技术路线均立足本地氢源潜力和未来氢能产业需求,呈现低碳氢、清洁氢到可再生氢的梯次发展趋势。电解水制氢技术的发展是低碳清洁氢气供给的突破口。该文首先对电解水制氢技术进行综述,介绍包括美国、日本、欧洲等国家电解水制氢技术路线图和技术指标目标;然后深入分析国内电解水技术发展现状,并与国外技术水平进行了差距量化对标,在此基础上提出我国电解水制氢潜在的技术路线;最后分析目前中国平准化低碳清洁氢成本,并且对中国2020~2050年平准化低碳清洁氢成本进行了预测。降低低碳清洁氢气平准化价格,需要从技术、商业模式创新等多方面协同发力,从而发挥其在能源转型及深度脱碳方面的作用。

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	刘玮
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	熊亚林
	陶志杰
	朱艳兵

关键词 ：碳中和, 可再生能源电解水制氢, 碱性电解水制氢, 质子交换膜电解水制氢, 氢气平准化价格

Abstract：With the development of green hydrogen has become a global consensus, all countries' hydrogen production technology routes are based on the potential of local hydrogen sources and the future demand of hydrogen, showing the echelon development trend of low-carbon, clean hydrogen to renewable hydrogen. The development of hydrogen production by water electrolysis is the breakthrough of green hydrogen supply. This paper reviewed the technology of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, introduced the roadmap and technical target of hydrogen production by water electrolysis in the United States, Japan and Europe, deeply analyzed the development status of domestic water electrolysis technology, and quantified the gap with foreign technology level. On this basis, it puts forward the potential technology route of hydrogen production by water electrolysis in China. Finally, the levelized cost of low-carbon and clean hydrogen in China is analyzed, and predicted in 2020-2050. Reducing the leveled cost of hydrogen requires concerted efforts from multiple aspects such as technology and business model innovation, so as to play its role in energy transformation and deep decarbonization.

Key words： Carbon neutral renewable hydrogen from water electrolysis alkaline water electrolysis proton exchange membrane water electrolysis levelized cost of hydrogen

收稿日期: 2021-05-10

PACS:

TK91

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1503100）、国家能源集团科技创新项目（GJNY-19-136）和国华投资公司科技创新项目（碳中和愿景下公司氢能发展路径研究）资助

通讯作者: 熊亚林女,1990年生,博士,研究方向为新能源,氢能与燃料电池。E-mail：yalin.xiong@chnenergy.com.cn

作者简介: 刘玮男,1977年生,博士,研究方向为新能源,氢能与燃料电池。E-mail：wei.liu@chnenergy.com.cn

引用本文:

刘玮, 万燕鸣, 熊亚林, 陶志杰, 朱艳兵. 碳中和目标下电解水制氢关键技术及价格平准化分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(11): 2888-2896. Liu Wei, Wan Yanming, Xiong Yalin, Tao Zhijie, Zhu Yanbing. Key Technology of Water Electrolysis and Levelized Cost of Hydrogen Analysis under Carbon Neutral Vision. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(11): 2888-2896.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.210658 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2022/V37/I11/2888

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