电工技术学报  2022, Vol. 37 Issue (18): 4798-4806    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.211132
电能存储与应用 |
动态机车工况下质子交换膜燃料电池电堆衰退性能分析
张雪霞, 黄平, 蒋宇, 陈维荣
西南交通大学电气工程学院 成都 611756
Degradation Performance Analysis of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack under Dynamic Locomotive Conditions
Zhang Xuexia, Huang Ping, Jiang Yu, Chen Weirong
School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China
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摘要 为探究质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)电堆在动态机车工况下的衰退性能,该文结合极化曲线、等效电路模型(ECM)方法和弛豫时间分布(DRT)方法对电池进行分析。针对5kW电堆,测量了机车工况下运行0h、110h、220h及330h后,第1、20和40片电池的极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)。建立PEMFC三阶等效电路模型,根据模型参数分析PEMFC内部变化。计算EIS相应的DRT,根据不同波峰解释PEMFC各极化过程的变化。结果表明:该电堆不同单片的主要损耗都发生在氧气还原反应过程和质量传输过程中,但动态工况下不同单片的衰退趋势不一致。电堆入口的电池1在110~220h期间衰退速率最快,电堆中间的电池20衰退速率随时间逐渐加快,电堆出口电池40在220~330h期间衰退速率最快。且由于电池40在0h未活化完全,导致其在0~110h期间出现性能提升。
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关键词 动态机车工况质子交换膜燃料电池电堆衰退电化学阻抗谱不一致性    
Abstract:To explore the degradation performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack under dynamic locomotive conditions, polarization curve, equivalent circuit model (ECM) method, and distribution of relaxation time (DRT) method are combined to analyze the performance of PEMFC. For the 5kW stack, the polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the 1st, 20th, and 40th cells after 0h, 110h, 220h, and 330h of locomotive operation are measured. The third-order equivalent circuit model of PEMFC is established, and the internal changes of PEMFC are analyzed according to the model parameters. The DRT corresponding to EIS is calculated to explain the changes of the polarization process of PEMFC according to different peaks. The results show that the main losses of different cells occur in the oxygen reduction reaction process and mass transfer process, while the degradation trends of different cells are inconsistent under dynamic conditions. Cell 1 at the stack inlet degrades the fastest during 110~220h. The degradation rate of cell 20 increases with time. Cell 40 at stack outlet degrades the fastest during 220~330h. Due to cell 40 is not fully activated at 0h, its performance is improved during 0~110h.
Key wordsDynamic locomotive conditions    proton exchange membrane fuel cell    stack degradation    electrochemical impedance spectroscopy    inconsistency   
收稿日期: 2021-07-23     
PACS: TM911.4  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(51607149)、四川省重点研究开发计划(22ZDYF3375)、四川省科技计划项目应用基础研究(2019YJ0236)、磁浮技术与磁浮列车教育部重点实验室2018年度开放课题、2022年度西南交通大学基础研究培育支持计划项目学科交叉专项(2682022ZTPY024)、2021年度成都西南交通大学国家轨道交通电气化与自动化工程技术研究中心开放课题基金(面上)计划(NEEC-2022-B010)资助
通讯作者: 张雪霞 女,1979年生,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统及其自动化、燃料电池技术与应用和智能优化算法。E-mail: survival_zxx@sina.com   
作者简介: 黄 平 男,1996年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为燃料电池技术与应用。E-mail: huangping@my.swjtu.edu.cn
引用本文:   
张雪霞, 黄平, 蒋宇, 陈维荣. 动态机车工况下质子交换膜燃料电池电堆衰退性能分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(18): 4798-4806. Zhang Xuexia, Huang Ping, Jiang Yu, Chen Weirong. Degradation Performance Analysis of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack under Dynamic Locomotive Conditions. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(18): 4798-4806.
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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.211132          https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2022/V37/I18/4798