Investigation of Demagnetization Energy Coupling Regularity and Modulation Methods Based on Coil Mutual Inductance for Large-Scale Magnetic Shields
Sun Jinji1, Li Xinglong1, Ma Jianhao2, Kan Zhiqi1, Shang Sihan1, Han Bangcheng1
1. School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronic Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China; 2. National Key Laboratory for Weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure Hangzhou 310028 China
Abstract：Large magnetic shielding devices are crucial infrastructure supporting cutting-edge scientific explorations in biomagnetic imaging and fundamental physics. This paper studied a multi-zone magnetic shielding device. By dividing different shielding areas within a single device, a differential residual magnetic distribution was constructed to meet different research fields. Meanwhile, the total material consumption was reduced to optimize costs. As a scaled-down prototype of a large magnetic shielding device, this device adopts an “outer zone-inner zone” partition design. The outer zone has a relatively large area and is equipped with two shielding layers, which is suitable for fundamental physics exploration and pre-testing of weak-magnetic equipment; the inner zone (core zone) has two additional shielding layers based on the outer-zone shielding, which can support cutting-edge research that is extremely sensitive to magnetic fields, such as zero-magnetic medicine, neuroscience, and inertial measurement in extremely weak magnetic fields. During the independent degaussing process of each zone, the device faces significant inter-zone coupling interference. The time-varying magnetic field generated by the degaussing coil in one zone can induce an additional electromotive force in other zones, disturbing the preset current and magnetic field distribution and affecting the control accuracy of the residual magnetic field in an extremely weak magnetic environment. Therefore, this paper proposed a coupling analysis method based on the mutual inductance of coils and the nonlinear magnetic permeability characteristics of materials. The coils were wound around the shielding layer, and air served as the magnetic flux coupling path. Amutual-inductance coupling model of the two-zone degaussing coils was established. Based on the magnetic permeability characteristics of the shielding layer, a two-zone mutual-inductance coupling theory was constructed, and the induced electromotive force under different voltage amplitudes and frequencies was verified. Then, the mutual-inductance coefficients under various excitation conditions were calculated. Variations in the mutual- inductance coefficients were consistent with the theoretical analysis. When the voltage amplitude was the independent variable, the mutual inductance of the two-zone coils first increased and then decreased, with maximum differences of 2.89 μH (when the excitation was 5 m) and 12.26 μH (when the excitation was 2 m). When the frequency was the independent variable, the mutual-inductance coefficient increased monotonically under the 5 m excitation. It first increased and then decreased under the 2 m excitation, with maximum differences of 7.29 μH (when the excitation was 5 m) and 15.59 μH (when the excitation was 2 m). Subsequently, a partition degaussing experiment was carried out with the voltage amplitude and frequency as independent variables, and the extreme and average values of the residual magnetic field at multiple points in the two zones were measured. The results indicate that variations in the residual magnetic field closely align with changes in the mutual inductance coefficient. Within the tested parameter range—frequency from 10 Hz to 30 Hz, degaussing voltage of 25 V to 250 V for the 5 m zone, and 10 V to 40 V for the 2 m zone—a larger mutual inductance coefficient corresponds to a higher residual magnetic field and more significant coupling interference. Notably, the variation in residual magnetic field is substantially greater in the 2 m zone than in the 5 m zone. The 2 m zone exhibits a strong correlation between mutual inductance and residual magnetic field (R2=0.994). Through frequency optimization, the residual magnetic field in the 2 m zone can be reduced by more than 85%. That is, mutual inductance coupling between degaussing coils is a key factor determining the level of the residual magnetic field under extremely weak magnetic conditions.
孙津济, 李兴龙, 马剑豪, 阚之棋, 尚思涵, 韩邦成. 基于线圈互感的大型磁屏蔽装置消磁能量耦合规律与调制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2026, 41(20): 6779-6790.
Sun Jinji, Li Xinglong, Ma Jianhao, Kan Zhiqi, Shang Sihan, Han Bangcheng. Investigation of Demagnetization Energy Coupling Regularity and Modulation Methods Based on Coil Mutual Inductance for Large-Scale Magnetic Shields. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(20): 6779-6790.
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