Abstract：Flexible high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems have become increasingly prevalent in modern power grids, particularly for long-distance bulk power transmission, integration of large-scale renewable energy sources, and interconnection of urban power networks. As the core switching component in these systems, press-pack insulated gate bipolar transistors (PP IGBTs) play a critical role in determining overall system reliability, power conversion efficiency, and operational stability. The development of non-invasive monitoring techniques capable of evaluating chip health status without modifying the original press-pack packaging structure holds significant importance for enhancing power system stability and enabling predictive maintenance strategies. This paper presents an innovative non-destructive testing methodology that utilizes an optimized external magnetic sensor array configuration to achieve localization of internal current density concentration points, thereby establishing a novel technical framework for condition monitoring of press-pack IGBTs. The research begins with an analysis of the external magnetic field distribution characteristics exhibited by press-pack IGBT devices during operation. When energized, the internal current flow patterns generate a distinctive three-dimensional magnetic field distribution in the surrounding space. This magnetic signature demonstrates strong correlation with the operational health status of the semiconductor device, as aging or damage mechanisms produce measurable anomalies in the field distribution. By continuously monitoring spatial and temporal variations in the external magnetic field, it becomes possible to indirectly reconstruct and evaluate the internal current density distribution profile, enabling assessment of device condition. However, practical implementation faces significant challenges due to the complex electromagnetic environment in power electronic converters, where strong interference fields from busbars superimpose with target signals. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method that significantly suppresses external magnetic interference by optimizing sensor placement, while ensuring accurate measurement of magnetic field characteristics and minimizing busbar interference. Secondly, this paper proposes a current concentration point localization method based on external magnetic field ratios. Theoretical derivation proves that under constant total current conditions, when a device fails, the external magnetic field is determined solely by the current amplitude and the coordinates of the current concentration point, and is directly proportional to the current amplitude. Therefore, the ratio of magnetic fields measured at two different positions can eliminate the influence of current amplitude, with the ratio depending only on the coordinates of the current concentration point. Based on this principle, two orthogonally arranged sensor arrays simultaneously measure the magnetic field to obtain two magnetic field ratio curves, whose intersection point represents the actual current concentration point. Subsequent finite element simulations verify the effectiveness of this method, demonstrating a maximum localization error of 8.9 mm and a relative accuracy of 92.6% within a 120 mm diameter detection range. Finally, experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Anti-busbar interference tests demonstrate that the optimized sensor array reduces busbar interference to 7.4% of its original level. In customized metal conductor experiments where different conductor caps were used to control current distribution, results show a maximum positioning error of 11.1 mm and a relative positioning accuracy of 90.7% within a 120 mm diameter detection range. Subsequent experiments conducted on actual press-pack IGBT devices confirm the applicability of the proposed method for practical components.
沈弘, 崔浩, 钟俊帅, 陆远方, 齐磊. 基于磁场传感阵列的压接型器件电流集中点非侵入式定位方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2026, 41(11): 3602-3611.
Shen Hong, Cui Hao, Zhong Junshuai, Lu Yuanfang, Qi Lei. Method for Current Concentration Points in Press Pack Devices Based on Magnetic Field Sensor Arrays. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(11): 3602-3611.
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2026, Vol. 41 
