基于CT精简配置的移相变压器新型本体保护方案

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250313

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摘要

对称型双芯移相变压器（简称“移相变”）作为一种潮流调控装置,通过改变其接入后线路两侧电压与电流的相位来改变线路潮流分布。其由串联变压器和励磁变压器两部分构成,常规本体保护由多个差动继电器构成,所需电流互感器（CT）数量多且连接关系复杂。为解决该问题,本文在分析移相变本体不同部分电磁耦合关系的基础上,提出了一种基于CT精简配置的移相变新型本体保护方案。该方案将电平衡差动保护与磁平衡差动保护进行综合,仅需在移相变三相的输入端与输出端以及某一相串联变压器二次侧配置CT,通过4个差动继电器即可反映移相变所有内部故障。进一步,可通过4个差动继电器的动作组态实现故障定位。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC上构建了仿真模型,通过大量仿真实验验证了本文所提方案的可行性和有效性。

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关键词 ：移相变压器, 本体保护, 综合差动保护, CT精简配置

Abstract：

Phase shifting transformers are power flow control devices that regulate power flow distribution by adjusting the phase angle between voltage and current on either side of their insertion point in a line. Phase shifting transformers can be classified as either two core or single core based on the number of cores, and as symmetrical or asymmetrical based on their operating principle. This paper focuses on the commonly used symmetrical two core Phase shifting transformer as a case study.
The symmetrical two core Phase shifting transformer (referred to as “Phase shifting transformer”) consists of a series transformer and an excitation transformer. Conventional main protection schemes for these transformers employ multiple differential relays, requiring numerous current transformers (CTs) and complex interconnections. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel Phase shifting transformer main protection scheme based on a streamlined CT configuration, building upon an analysis of the electromagnetic coupling within the Phase shifting transformer’s various components.
The proposed scheme involves placing CTs at the three-phase input and output terminals of the Phase shifting transformer to obtain the necessary current information. A CT is also placed on the secondary side of one phase of the series transformer to obtain its secondary current. Furthermore, the secondary currents of the other two phases of the series transformer can be calculated based on the delta connection of its secondary windings. Using these measured and calculated currents, the proposed streamlined protection scheme is formed, consisting of one magnetic balance differential protection element (KCD) and three comprehensive differential protection elements (KZD1 ~ KZD3). The magnetic balance differential protection (KCD) utilizes the CT on the secondary side of one series transformer phase, along with the corresponding phase’s input and output CTs. This protection element, based on the ampere-turn balance principle between the transformer’s primary and secondary windings, detects internal faults within that series transformer; KZD1 and KZD2 use the series transformer secondary CT along with the input and output CTs of the other two phases, while KZD3 uses the input and output CTs of all three phases. The underlying principle of the comprehensive differential protections (KZD1 ~ KZD3) is the integration of electrical balance differential protection and magnetic balance differential protection. This is achieved by combining the ampere-turn balance equations for the transformer windings with the Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) equations for the “T” connection. This allows a single differential relay to detect multiple fault types.
Furthermore, In the proposed novel main protection scheme, the four differential relays have different and overlapping protection zones. By analyzing the operational combinations of these relays, the fault discrimination range can be narrowed. Moreover, the mal operation of the comprehensive differential protection during the no-load switching-in of the Phase shifting transformer can be prevented by second harmonic block of magnetizing inrush current. Finally, a simulation model was developed on the PSCAD/EMTDC platform, and the operation of each differential relay was simulated and analyzed under various fault locations, fault phases, and fault severities. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are verified through extensive simulation experiments.

Key words： Phase-shifting transformers protection of pst integrated differential protection simplified ct configuration

收稿日期: 2025-02-27

PACS:

TM774

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目（No.U2166205）

通讯作者: 于佳旭男,2001年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电力系统继电保护。E-mail：yujiaxu000@163.com

作者简介: 郑涛男,1975年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统继电保护及其自动化等。E-mail：zhengtao_sf@126.com

引用本文:

郑涛, 于佳旭, 眭程曦, 申由. 基于CT精简配置的移相变压器新型本体保护方案[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20250313-20250313. Zheng Tao, Yu Jiaxu, Sui Chengxi, Shen You. A novel protection scheme for phase-shifting transformers based on simplified CT configurations. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20250313-20250313.

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