基于频率控制的双边LCL型无线电能传输系统抗偏移方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250930

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摘要针对磁耦合式无线电能传输（MC-WPT）系统耦合机构偏移所造成的输出电压不稳定和效率低下问题,该文提出一种基于频率控制的双边LCL-WPT系统抗偏移方法。首先阐述双边LCL-WPT系统结构,分析系统恒压输出特性及抗偏移特性,建立系统频率与耦合系数的数学模型,揭示基于频率控制的双边LCL-WPT系统抗偏移原理;其次为进一步提升系统抗偏移能力及其综合性能,分析系统初始参数对频率控制范围、输入阻抗角范围及传输效率的影响,并给出系统参数设计过程;再次考虑到系统频率控制需基于发射端逆变器完成,给出一种基于发射端检测的频率控制策略,通过频率控制能够实现系统在偏移下的恒压输出;最后搭建实验装置,验证了该文所提出的基于频率控制的双边LCL-WPT系统抗偏移方法的可行性和有效性。实验结果表明,在耦合系数为0.203~0.498的偏移范围内可以实现系统的电压稳定输出,且传输效率大于80.063%。

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关键词 ：抗偏移, 恒压输出, 双边LCL-WPT, 参数设计, 频率控制

Abstract：As magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) technology continues to develop and is widely adopted, maintaining stable performance under coil misalignment has become increasingly important. A misalignment-tolerant method for the double-sided LCL-WPT system with frequency regulation was proposed to enhance system robustness against positional deviations and ensure stable and efficient power transfer.
Firstly, a comprehensive double-sided LCL-WPT system model was established, followed by an analysis of the effects of key parameters on voltage gain. Based on the system's equivalent circuit model, the parameter relationships are derived. The output characteristics under misalignment conditions were explored, and the specific conditions for maintaining a constant-voltage output across varying misalignment scenarios were formulated. The analysis demonstrates that a stable output voltage can be maintained solely through frequency regulation, without requiring modification of the system's initial parameters.
Then, the effects of key design parameters—coil self-inductance, resonant inductance, and resonant capacitance—on the controllable frequency range, input impedance phase angle, and transmission efficiency were analyzed. The analysis indicates that increasing L_pv or decreasing L_p and C_pv reduces the input impedance phase angle and enhances efficiency. However, the higher resonant frequency resulting from the smaller L_p and C_pv increases coil resistance, component stress, and system cost. To balance these competing design objectives, a systematic parameter design method was given, with output voltage, transmission efficiency, and misalignment tolerance as key performance metrics. Furthermore, to improve overall system performance, the operating frequency and input impedance phase angle range were considered as crucial design constraints, ensuring efficient operation under various conditions.
Since the coupling coefficient under misalignment cannot be directly measured, a mathematical model was developed. Then, the system operating frequency was adjusted in real time to maintain constant voltage output under varying misalignment conditions. A frequency control strategy based on transmitter-side measurements was proposed. This strategy enables constant-voltage output under misalignment solely through frequency regulation, ensuring system stability.
Finally, A 400 W prototype was developed. As the coupling coefficient decreases, the resonant frequency corresponding to the system's constant-voltage output decreases, the inverter's output current and the input impedance phase angle increase, and the coil current and transmission efficiency decline, consistent with theoretical predictions. Experimental results show that the double-sided LCL-WPT system maintains a constant-voltage output over misalignment ranges of 0 to 7 cm along the y-axis, corresponding to a coupling coefficient range of 0.203 to 0.498, and 0 to 6 cm along the z-axis, corresponding to a coupling coefficient range of 0.216 to 0.498. The system's output voltage fluctuation is kept below 1.2%, with transmission efficiency exceeding 80.063% and peaking at 88.216%. The effectiveness of the anti-misalignment method for a double- sided LCL-WPT system is verified.

Key words： Anti-misalignment constant voltage output double-sided LCL-wireless power transfer (WPT) parameter design frequency regulation

收稿日期: 2025-06-03

PACS:

TM724

基金资助:基金項目国家自然科学基金资助项目（62073246）

通讯作者: 陈丰伟男,1986年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为无线电能传输技术。E-mail: fengwei.chen@cqu.edu.cn

作者简介: 左月女,1999年生,博士研究生,研究方向为无线电能传输技术。E-mail: y_zuo@cqu.edu.cn

引用本文:

左月, 孙跃, 陈丰伟, 胡韩, 苏婧媛. 基于频率控制的双边LCL型无线电能传输系统抗偏移方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2026, 41(10): 3245-3259. Zuo Yue, Sun Yue, Chen Fengwei, Hu Han, Su Jingyuan. An Anti-Misalignment Method for Double-Sided LCL-Compensated Wireless Power Transfer System with Frequency Regulation. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(10): 3245-3259.

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