计及切换补偿的新能源电力系统暂态电压稳定评估

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241606

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摘要新能源电力系统中电力电子设备控制切换特性增加了暂态电压稳定状态准确评估的难度,现有暂态电压稳定指标和稳定判据在噪声干扰和控制切换影响下易发生电压稳定状态误判。为此,该文提出一种基于切换补偿李雅普诺夫指数（SCMLE）的新能源电力系统暂态电压稳定评估方法。首先,依据最大李雅普诺夫指数（MLE）稳定判别机理,将电压稳定问题转换为积分终值矩阵的特征值变化问题,进而分别构建系统受扰前后的电压轨线变分方程,充分计及控制环节动态特性对电压稳定性的影响;然后,采用电压轨线变分方程积分终值矩阵特征值计算SCMLE,克服现有MLE指标需设置符号观测窗口的缺陷;其次,构建了表征系统非光滑扭曲程度的切换补偿矩阵用于修正积分结果,弥补指标在系统非光滑点处的计算误差,实现暂态电压稳定状态的快速、准确评估;最后,通过光伏场站接入单机无穷大系统和某实际电网系统的仿真分析,验证了所提方法的准确性和有效性。

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关键词 ：新能源电力系统, 暂态电压稳定评估, 控制切换, 李雅普诺夫指数

Abstract：The large-scale integration of renewable energy and power electronic devices into the power system has led to transient voltage evolution characteristics that significantly differ from conventional AC power systems. As a result, existing transient voltage stability indices and criteria are prone to misjudging voltage stability states under the influence of noise interference and control switching. To address these problems, this paper proposed a transient voltage stability assessment approach for renewable energy power system based on switching compensation Lyapunov exponent (SCMLE). The approach improves the accuracy of transient voltage stability assessment by the impact of control switching. It provides dispatchers with reliable transient voltage stability information for formulating voltage stability control strategies, which enhances the reliability and stability of renewable energy power system.
Firstly, based on the transient voltage stability discriminant mechanism of the maximum Lyapunov exponent (MLE), the voltage stability issue is transformed into an eigenvalue variation problem of the integral final value matrix and ensures a rigorous theoretical foundation of assessment results. Subsequently, the variational equation of the PCC voltage trajectory was formulated for both the normal operation mode and low voltage ride-through (LVRT) operation mode. The influence of system control characteristics and operating modes on transient voltage response features was fully considered. The SCMLE was then computed using the eigenvalues of the final value matrix derived from the variational equations. This approach overcame the limitation of the time-delayed embedding maximum Lyapunov exponent (TMLE), which required a predefined observation window. Thirdly, to reduce the impact of LVRT control switching on transient voltage stability assessment, a switching compensation matrix was constructed to represent the non-smooth distortion degree of the system. This matrix was used to correct the calculation error of the integral final value matrix at non-smooth points, improving both the speed and accuracy of the transient voltage stability assessment. Finally, the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach were verified through simulation results from a single-machine infinite bus system with a photovoltaic power plant and a real power system. The simulation results show that the SCMLE was less sensitive to the observation time window and exhibited strong robustness under noise interference.
The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The proposed approach, based on the stability discrimination mechanism of MLE, transforms the voltage stability problem into an eigenvalue variation problem of the integral terminal matrix, ensuring a rigorous theoretical foundation of assessment results. (2) The SCMLE reduces transient voltage stability assessment time by 24.18% and 20.69% compared to the maximum Lyapunov exponent based on QR decomposition (QRMLE) and the phase correction maximum Lyapunov exponent (PCMLE), respectively. Additionally, it effectively avoids the symbolic feature oscillations near the zero-axis and maintains robust assessment performance in real power grids. (3) The SCMLE analyzed the impact of control parameters on the transient voltage stability of the system and provides the stability region for control parameters. The proportional gain coefficient required to maintain transient voltage stability ranged from 0.1 to 0.4, while the integral gain coefficient ranged from 10 to 20. It offers valuable insights for control parameters design and the formulation of transient voltage stability control strategies.

Key words： Renewable energy power system transient voltage stability assessment control switching Lyapunov exponent

收稿日期: 2024-09-10

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司资助项目（KJZ2023086）

通讯作者: 刘先超男,1995年生,博士研究生,研究方向为电力系统安全性与稳定性。E-mail：liuxianchao2017@aliyun.com

作者简介: 王长江男,1989年生,实验师,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为电力系统安全性与稳定性、新能源消纳、人工智能技术。E-mail：cjwangneepu@163.com

引用本文:

王长江, 尹浩帆, 姜涛, 刘先超, 刘辉. 计及切换补偿的新能源电力系统暂态电压稳定评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(17): 5487-5500. Wang Changjiang, Yin Haofan, Jiang Tao, Liu Xianchao, Liu Hui. Transient Voltage Stability Assessment Approach for Renewable Energy Power System Considering Switching Compensation. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(17): 5487-5500.

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