电工技术学报  2025, Vol. 40 Issue (1): 80-95    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.232164
电力系统与综合能源 |
计及风电、调相机支撑特性的频率安全约束分布鲁棒机组组合调度方法
江一航1, 赵书强1, 王慧1, 汪盈杉2
1.新能源电力系统全国重点实验室(华北电力大学) 北京 102206;
2.华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院 北京 102206
Distributionally Robust Frequency Constrained Unit Commitment with Frequency Support of Wind Power and Synchronous Condenser
Jiang Yihang1, Zhao Shuqiang1, Wang Hui1, Wang Yingshan2
1. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China;
2. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China
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摘要 能源转型过程中,电力系统频率安全问题日益突出,现有调度方法难以兼顾频率安全性与风电消纳要求。为此,提出一种计及风电、调相机支撑特性的频率安全约束分布鲁棒机组组合调度方法。首先,基于惯性控制及功率备用控制机理,提出一种适用于调度模型的全风况风电频率支撑特性建模方法;然后,对同步调相机及具备调相工况转换能力的改造火电机组频率支撑特性进行分析与建模,并将其统一纳入系统频率响应模型,通过时频域交替求解提取频率动态过程安全约束集,提出一种改进的分段线性化方法对非线性项进行线性转换;最后,基于数据驱动分布鲁棒优化对风电不确定性进行建模,构建嵌入频率安全约束集的两阶段分布鲁棒机组组合模型,以改进的列和约束生成算法对模型进行求解。算例分析结果表明,调相机的有功替代效应对于减小系统弃风、提升系统旋转惯量水平具有积极作用,在调度框架中考虑风电、调相机支撑特性能够在兼顾系统频率安全的同时提升经济性。
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江一航
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关键词 风电频率支撑同步调相机机组组合频率安全分布鲁棒优化    
Abstract:In the process of energy transition, the reduction of online capacity of the synchronous generators and the large scale integration of renewable energy sources have led to the deterioration of power system frequency dynamics. The frequency security problem of power systems is becoming increasingly prominent, while the existing dispatch methods fail to balance the requirement of frequency security and wind power consumption. To cope with this problem, a distributionally robust frequency constrained unit commitment dispatch method with the frequency support of wind power and synchronous condenser is proposed.
Firstly,based on inertia control and power reserve control, a modeling approach for the frequency characteristics of wind power under full wind conditions that suitable for dispatch model is proposed. Additionally, the frequency characteristics of synchronous condenser (SC) and synchronous generator with synchronous condensing clutches (SS) are analyzed and modeled, and the system frequency response model that integrated with the frequency characteristics of all the units is established. Furthermore, the set of frequency security constraints is extracted with the alternating time-frequency domain solving, a modified piece-wise linearization method is proposed to linearize the nonlinear terms. Finally, the data-driven distributionally robust optimization is employed to model the wind power uncertainties and the two-stage distributionally robust unit commitment model that incorporating the frequency constraints is established. An enhanced column and constraint generation algorithm is applied to solve the problem.
Case studies based on the modified IEEE six-bus system and the IEEE RTS-79 system indicate that the active power substitution effect of synchronous condensers has a positive impact on reducing wind curtailment and improving the systems rotational inertia level. Considering the frequency characteristics of wind power and synchronous condenser in the dispatch framework can enhance economic efficiency while ensuring frequency security of power system. Compared with existing research, the total scheduling cost and carbon emission cost of the proposed dispatch method have decreased by 24.1% and 9.7%, respectively. The scheduling of SCs and SSs has reduced the wind curtailment by 89.3 MW throughout the dispatch periods. Additionally, the proposed piece-wise linearization method has excellent computational performance, especially when the number of hyperplanes is 4, the solving time decreases by more than 7 000 seconds, while the root mean square error only increases by 0.024.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the case studies: (1) The proposed modeling method for wind power frequency response characteristics can accurately reflect the frequency support capacity of wind power under different wind speeds and control methods in dispatch framework. (2) SC and SS can reduce the system wind curtailment by replacing the minimum technical output of thermal generators. The sensitivity analysis results indicate that when the number of synchronous condensers in the power system reaches a certain scale, the substitution effect tends to saturate. (3) The modified piece-wise linearization method can balance the fitting speed and accuracy, and the two-stage distributionally robust unit commitment model incorporated with frequency security constraints can ensure the frequency security of the power system. Compared with other uncertainty modeling methods, the proposed model can balance economy and robustness, and has better risk management capabilities.
Key wordsWind power frequency support    synchronous condenser    unit commitment    frequency security    distributionally robust optimization   
收稿日期: 2023-12-27     
PACS: TM732  
基金资助:国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFB2406800)
通讯作者: 江一航 男,2000年生,博士研究生,研究方向为低惯量电力系统优化运行。E-mail:yh_jiang2000@163.com   
作者简介: 赵书强 男,1964年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统分析与控制。E-mail:zsqdl@163.com
引用本文:   
江一航, 赵书强, 王慧, 汪盈杉. 计及风电、调相机支撑特性的频率安全约束分布鲁棒机组组合调度方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(1): 80-95. Jiang Yihang, Zhao Shuqiang, Wang Hui, Wang Yingshan. Distributionally Robust Frequency Constrained Unit Commitment with Frequency Support of Wind Power and Synchronous Condenser. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(1): 80-95.
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