基于子网优先级驱动的交直流混合微网集群双向互联变流器分散式控制策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231379

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摘要随着可再生能源渗透率的不断提高,交直流混合微电网集群逐渐成为新型电力系统的弹性解决方案。考虑到实际运行中各子电网优先级和电能质量需求存在差异,该文提出一种基于子网优先级驱动的交直流混合微网集群双向互联变流器分散式控制策略,以实现系统的弹性功率交互。首先,通过将归一化的交流频率和直流电压值作为子电网的状态偏差因子,以最小化全局总偏差因子为目标构建了用于交直流混合微电网集群的最优电力交换模型,该模型充分考虑了子电网的优先级指数和供电容量;其次,基于最优电力交换目标,提出用于双向互联变流器的准下垂控制策略,由于该策略中双向互联变流器仅需检测本地交流频率/直流电压的状态偏差因子,因此可以实现对交直流混合微电网集群整体偏差因子最小化的分散式最优功率自主协同控制;最后,构造了两个仿真实例,并利用半实物仿真系统验证了所提策略的有效性。

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关键词 ：交直流混合微电网集群, 双向互联变流器, 状态偏差, 优先级驱动, 分散式控制

Abstract：With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, hybrid AC-DC microgrid clusters (HMG-Cluster) are gradually becoming resilient solutions for new power systems. As a key component for interconnecting and synergizing AC and DC microgrids, bidirectional interlinking converter (BIC) enables efficient power management and fault ride-through in HMG systems. However, how to control and optimize the power allocation scheme of BIC remains a fundamental challenge. To fill the gap in the existing research, a priority-driven BIC decentralized control strategy is proposed to ensure the optimization of the power exchange of the HMG-Cluster according to the different priorities and capacity requirements of the sub-grids in the system.
First, the optimal power exchange model for HMG-Cluster is realized by taking the normalized AC frequency and DC voltage values as the state deviation factors of the sub-grids, and proposing a power exchange strategy with the objective of minimizing the total global deviation factor and considering the sub-grid priority and power supply capacity. Further, the optimal solution of the proposed optimization problem can be obtained by transforming the proposed power exchange model into a solvable mathematical problem and by constructing and solving the Lagrange function of the proposed optimization problem. Second, according to the optimal power exchange objective, A decentralized quasi-sag control strategy based on BICs is proposed. Since the BIC in this strategy only needs to detect the state deviation factor of the local AC frequency or DC voltage, the decentralized optimal power autonomous cooperative control can be achieved. In addition, since the main controller therein achieves accurate power tracking through dual voltage-current closed-loop, which in turn enables the HMG-Cluster energy to operate in the state of minimizing the overall deviation factor. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified based on two simulation cases on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system.
Based on the simulation results under the two cases, the results show the control strategy proposed can be operated under sub-grid priority-driven, i.e., the state deviation coefficient ratios of the sub-grids are always consistent regardless of the system load surge or fault conditions, and the sub-grids with higher priority have higher voltage index and priority index compared to the global shared control strategy. In addition, in the case of insufficient system dispatchable power, the low-priority sub-grids will ensure that the loads with high priority are restored first by automatically dumping loads and increasing the deviation factor. Therefore, the optimization objective value of the control strategy proposed is smaller compared with the global shared control strategy.
In summary, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The optimal power exchange model for HMG-Cluster with the objective of minimizing the global total deviation factor is constructed. The model is able to realize autonomous power interaction among sub-grids of the HMG-Cluster system based on the self-optimizing cooperative control of the BIC state deviation factor. (2) A decentralized quasi-sag control strategy for a BIC is proposed. Since the BIC in this strategy only needs to detect the local AC frequency and DC voltage signals, a decentralized quasi-sag control strategy based on BIC is proposed and used to realize power autonomous synergy in HMG-Cluster. (3) The decentralized control strategy based on priority driven HMG-Cluster system proposed in this article is a fundamental research that can achieve compatibility with any advanced control algorithm and achieve higher level control objectives in future research work.

Key words： Hybrid AC-DC microgrid cluster bidirectional interconnect converter state deviation priority driven decentralized control

收稿日期: 2023-08-25

PACS:

TM46

基金资助:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2021YFB1600202）

通讯作者: 马静男,1981年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统分析、稳定与控制等。E-mail：hdmajing@163.com

作者简介: 孔惠文女,1994年生,博士研究生,研究方向为新能源电力系统的分析、稳定与控制,综合交通与能源系统等。E-mail：hwkong@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

孔惠文, 马静, 程鹏, 贾利民. 基于子网优先级驱动的交直流混合微网集群双向互联变流器分散式控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(9): 2667-2681. Kong Huiwen, Ma Jing, Cheng Peng, Jia Limin. Decentralized Control Strategy for Hybrid Microgrid Cluster Bidirectional Interlinking Converters Based on Sub-Grid Priority Drive. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(9): 2667-2681.

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