考虑磁畴偏转的无取向硅钢应力各向异性磁致伸缩特性模拟

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.222169

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摘要无取向硅钢铁心的电磁振动是电机噪声的根本来源,采用夹件固定铁心可有效抑制其振动,但夹紧力施加不当会加剧铁心振动,原因为应力使无取向硅钢的磁畴取向发生偏转而引起磁致伸缩形变增大,形成应力各向异性。因此,为了获得准确的应力加载方法,需建立考虑磁畴偏转的无取向硅钢应力各向异性磁致伸缩模型。首先,求解自由能模型并计算能量极值点的分布,模拟无取向硅钢在磁场和应力作用下的磁畴偏转路径;其次,用磁晶各向异性能、应力各向异性能以及磁场能贡献的总和表示无磁滞磁化强度,将自由能模型与考虑磁滞的磁致伸缩模型相结合,通过无取向硅钢磁致伸缩特性测试获取模型参数并进行参数依赖性分析;最后,模拟应力与磁场作用下不同磁化方向的无取向硅钢的磁滞特性和磁致伸缩特性,通过仿真结果与实验结果的对比验证了该模型的准确性。结果表明,应力的增大会使无取向硅钢磁致伸缩应变值减小,同一应力下,磁致伸缩应变的大小会随磁化角度的增大而增大,该文所提出的应力各向异性磁致伸缩模型可以有效模拟此种变化规律。

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关键词 ：应力各向异性, 磁畴偏转, 自由能模型, 磁致伸缩模拟

Abstract：Vibration and noise become important factors that restrict the development of motors to large capacity. The most effective method is to fix the cores with clamps and shells. However, the stress from clamps and shells will deflect the magnetic domain of the core silicon steel material, resulting in stress anisotropy, which affects the degree of magnetization and magnetostriction of the material. Thus, considering the deflection of magnetic domains, a stress-induced anisotropic magnetostrictive model is proposed to simulate the mag- netostrictive properties of non-oriented silicon steel with different stress and magnetization directions.Comparing the simulation results with the experimental results shows that the proposed model is effective.
Firstly, the free energy model of silicon steel is established to obtain the magnetic domain deflection path under different applied stress and magnetic fields. The free energy model is simplified by coordinate transformation, and the distribution of energy extremum is calculated. The magnetic domain magnetization energy consumption diagram and magnetic domain deflection path of non-oriented silicon steel under the external magnetic field and stress are also simulated. The influence of free energy model parameters (M_s, K₁, K₂, λ₁₀₀, λ₁₁₁) on the model and the magnetic domain deflection is analyzed. Then, the hysteretic magnetization is expressed by the sum of the magnetic crystal anisotropy energy, stress-inducedanisotropic energy, and magnetic field energy contribution. Combined the free energy model with the magnetostriction model considering hysteresis, the stress-induced anisotropic magnetostriction model of non-oriented silicon steel is established by improving the hysteretic magnetization. The model parameters are obtained through the hysteresis and magnetostrictive propertytest of non-oriented silicon steel, and the parameter dependence analysis is carried out. Finally, the hysteresis and magnetostrictive properties of non-oriented silicon steel with different magnetization directions under the external stress and magnetic field are simulated, and the proposed model is verified by simulation and experimental results. Besides, the magnetostrictive strain of different magnetization directions varies greatly, and the anisotropy of non-oriented silicon steel is obvious. Under the same stress, the magnetostrictive strain increases with the increase of the magnetization directions. Moreover, in the same magnetization direction, the magnetostrictive strain decreases with the increase of stress.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation and experiment analysis: (1) Considering magnetic domain deflection, the proposed stress-induced anisotropy model of non-oriented silicon steel canaccurately simulatethehysteresis and magnetostrictive properties under different magnetic fields and stress. (2) The magnetostriction of non-oriented silicon steel has obvious anisotropy, which decreases with the increase of stress and increases with the increase of magnetization angle. (3) Through the simulation of the magnetic domain deflection path, the volume fraction of the 90° magnetic domain in the silicon steel will increase due to stress, resulting in the reduced permeability of the material. Moreover, the stress anisotropy will hinder the deflection and transition of the magnetic domain, making the magnetization of non-oriented silicon steel more difficult.

Key words： Stress-induced anisotropy magnetic domain deflection free energy model magnetostrictive simulation

收稿日期: 2022-11-16

PACS:

TM275

通讯作者: 陈龙男,1989年生,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为磁性材料磁特性模拟、全局优化设计。E-mail: chenlong@ctgu.edu.cn

作者简介: 贲彤女,1991年生,博士,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电工装备电磁振动研究。E-mail: bentong@ctgu.edu.cn

引用本文:

贲彤, 孔玉琪, 陈龙, 方敏, 张献. 考虑磁畴偏转的无取向硅钢应力各向异性磁致伸缩特性模拟[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(4): 935-946. Ben Tong, Kong Yuqi, Chen Long, Fang Min, Zhang Xian. Simulation of Stress-Induced Anisotropic Magnetostrictive Properties of Non-Oriented Silicon Steel Considering Magnetic Domain Deflection. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(4): 935-946.

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