海上超导风电制氢一体化研究进展与发展趋势

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240788

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摘要

海上风力发电不断向场群规模化和产业化发展,目前已成为国际可再生能源发展的重点领域。然而随着海上风电技术逐渐呈现单机大容量、深远海化趋势,单机容量进入“两位数时代”,风机重量和体积增大,海上运输、吊装、操作和维护难度大幅增加。此外由于海上风电显著的波动性和间歇性,导致大规模并网困难,出现严重的弃风现象。为解决上述两大世界难题,湖南大学风力发电团队首次提出新型超导风电制氢一体化技术,在研究超导风机特性和电解水制氢技术的基础上,将超导风机与液氢制备有机结合,设计了离网型海上超导风电与水电解制氢一体化系统,建立了新型超导风电制氢系统风、电、磁、热、氢多场耦合作用下的风电系统高效转换理论。利用电解水制氢技术将海上风能就地消纳制氢,液氢存储通过运输和可控液氢循环制冷为超导风机提供稳定的低温环境,大幅降低设备平台体积和重量,实现可再生能源的高效转化,确保集成系统的可靠运行。文章简要介绍了近年来国内外高温超导风机技术与海上风电制氢技术的研究情况,分析了离网型海上超导风电制氢一体化系统的关键结构和可行性,提出耦合可再生能源发展的能源岛系统规划,探索了多能互补优化配置。本篇文章为大规模深远海超导风电制氢产业提供共性技术,推动我国风电产业技术升级,助力实现“双碳”战略目标。

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	申刘飞
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关键词 ：海上风电制氢, 超导风机, 氢储能, 能源岛, &#x0201c, 双碳&#x0201d, 目标

Abstract：

With the rapid development of the global economy, offshore wind power generation technology has been advancing towards field group scale and industrialization, becoming a research hotspot in international renewable energy. However, to reduce the economic costs associated with deep-sea wind power technology and enhance the efficient of wind energy capture and utilization, the capacity of wind turbines has been gradually upgraded to 10 MW and above. This trend towards large capacity has consequently led to increased weight and volume of wind turbines, complicating offshore transportation, lifting, operation and maintenance, which limits further development of offshore wind power technology. Moreover, the significant volatility and intermittency of offshore wind power contribute to increased grid penetration issues, difficulties in large-scale grid connections, and a notable phenomenon of wind curtailment. Furthermore, the non-stationary wind power can cause grid voltage fluctuations, flicker, frequency fluctuations, harmonics and other power quality problems, affecting the stable operation of the grid.
To address these problems, Hunan University's wind power generation team proposed an innovative integrated technology for hydrogen production through offshore superconducting wind power generation. This innovative system utilizes water electrolysis to locally consume offshore wind energy, with the produced liquid hydrogen being transported to land via ships or pipelines for comprehensive utilization. Additionally, a liquid hydrogen circulation refrigeration system provides a stable low-temperature environment for superconducting wind turbines, significantly reducing platform volume and weight and ensuring the reliable operation of the integrated system.
The article provides an overview of recent development in HTS wind turbine technology and offshore wind power hydrogen production technology, both domestically and internationally. It analyzes the key structures and feasibility of the proposed innovative integrated system, highlighting how it compares to traditional technologies. Additionally, the article explores recent advancements in offshore wind power generation and transmission technologies. The discussion then shifts to the benefits of the proposed innovative technology in comparison to other existing technologies and schemes. It summarizes the advantages of integrating hydrogen production and offshore superconducting wind power generation, analyzes the variability of superconducting wind turbines output power and the limitations of current converter topology control strategies, and proposes the key technologies of designing superconducting wind turbines converter topology with efficient energy transfer capability and designing a superconducting wind power system friendly control strategy.
For the future development of the integrated system, an energy island system plan that is integrated with renewable energy development is proposed. This plan is based on the operational principles of each sub-structure and aims to harness the efficient synergy of renewable energies. Research will focus on determining the appropriate ratios for various energy production and conversion devices, which will optimize the configuration of multi-energy complementarity. This approach aims to establish an integrated energy system that reduces the standby capacity required by the system's various equipment. Furthermore, this initiative will promote the coupling of the power with renewable energy systems, facilitating the synergistic development of electric power and green hydrogen. This strategy will improve the optimized configuration of the energy supply system and establish a common technological framework for large-scale superconducting wind power hydrogen production technology.

Key words： Offshore wind power hydrogen production HTS generator hydrogen storage energy island &#x0201c Double carbon&#x0201d target

收稿日期: 2024-05-14

PACS:	TM614
	TK91

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划（SQ2022YFB4200182）、中国科学技术协会青年人才托举工程（2021QNRC001）、湖湘青年英才项目（2021RC3058）资助

通讯作者: 翟雨佳, 女,1990年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为超导电力技术。E-mail：yz378@hnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 申刘飞, 男,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向为超导风电制氢一体化技术。E-mail：xiaofei482@hnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

申刘飞, 翟雨佳, 吴星徵, 黄晟, 黄守道. 海上超导风电制氢一体化研究进展与发展趋势[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 788-4. Shen Liufei, Zhai Yujia, Wu Xingzheng, Huang Sheng, Huang Shoudao. Progress and Development Trend of Integrated Research on Hydrogen Production from Offshore Superconducting Wind Power. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 788-4.

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