混合多端直流输电系统限流控制策略配合及限流参数全局优化方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230407

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1938 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

混合多端直流输电系统短路电流水平超标对其安全稳定运行造成极大威胁,现有通过控制策略限流的方法多以本站出口侧最严重的极间故障展开分析,忽略了过渡电阻对两侧系统的耦合作用且控制参数的不合理配置会降低故障点非零电位大小进而加剧线路过流现象。为此,首先阐述了混合多端直流输电系统常见控制限流策略;其次,对换流站自身的控制特性以及站间交互作用对故障电流的影响机理展开分析,提出计及过渡电阻耦合作用下故障电流的计算方法。在此基础上,综合考虑控制参数灵敏性、限流效果等约束建立控制参数全局优化数学模型,通过层次分析法得到控制参数的最优解。最后,基于PSCAD/EMTDC对传统限流特性以及全局优化下的限流特性进行对比分析。结果表明,所提方法能在提高限流效果以及满足参数灵敏性的基础上更好地适应经过渡电阻故障的情况,降低故障时电流上升率和电流峰值,协助降低两侧换流站因增流现象加剧线路过流情况而闭锁的几率。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	李杭泽
	戴志辉
	韩哲宇
	奚潇睿
	牛宝仪
	杨明玉

关键词 ：主动限流控制, 低压限流环节, 混合多端直流输电, 过渡电阻, 参数优化

Abstract：

Hybrid DC transmission technology effectively improves the interconnection between AC systems and new energy resources, and becomes a new way for large-scale wind power, photovoltaic and other new energy to connect to the power grid. However, once a short-circuit fault occurs in the DC line, the stable operation of the system will be seriously threatened by the rapid growth of DC fault currents. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding current-limiting measures to suppress the rapid growth of fault currents. The selection of current-limiting control parameters of the existing system is mostly oriented to the fault current characteristics of the local converter station, so that the overcurrent of the local system may be aggravated by the coupling effect of the fault resistance after the active current-limiting is adopted in the far-end system. Therefore, a calculation method of the fault current of the hybrid multi-terminal DC transmission line considering the coupling effect of the fault resistance is proposed after investigating the phenomenon and reasons of the exacerbated over current along local station lines after the start of the current-limiting link at the far-end converter station, and the current-limiting parameters are globally optimized to better adapt to short circuits through fault resistance.
In terms of the calculation of fault current, the characteristics of voltage dependent current order limiter(VDCOL) strategy for LCC rectifier stations and active current-limiting strategy for MMC inverter stations are fully considered, and the influence mechanism of the interaction of control characteristics between converter stations on line fault current is clarified. The influence of different control parameters of LCC and MMC on the system's current-limiting capability is analyzed by sensitivity index. According to the response characteristics of the control system and the timing coordination logic between the control systems of the converter station, a three-stage fault current transient characteristic division principle suitable for considering the current-limiting control link is proposed, and a short-circuit current complex frequency domain segmentation model covering the whole process is established. Then current increment of the local station line after the pickup of the current-limiting control in the far-end station is obtained by the inverse Laplace transform, which helps improve the accuracy of judging the fault current development trend. In terms of global optimization of current-limiting parameters, based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), comprehensive indices including line overcurrent multiple, overcurrent time and drop degree of AC bus voltage are established. The global-optimization model of control parameters is constructed to avoid the possibility of AC side voltage drop under a single factor. Finally, based on PSCAD/EMTDC, the current-limiting characteristics under traditional methods and the proposed global optimization scheme are compared and analyzed.
Simulation results show that, the VDCOL link of the LCC converter station and the active current-limiting link of the MMC converter station can effectively suppress the DC fault current, but the VDCOL link needs to adjust the firing angle indirectly through the constant current controller, which has limited ability to restrict the fault current within the transient time scale of the fault. The active current-limiting link can effectively reduce the peak value of the fault current by correcting the DC voltage, while there is a risk of current increase at the converter station due to the coupling effect of the fault resistance. The proposed method can better adapt to short circuits through fault resistance on the basis of improving the current-limiting effect and satisfying the sensitivity of the parameters, can reduce the current rise rate and current peak value during the fault, and help to reduce the probability of the converter blocking due to the current increment which aggravates the line overcurrent. In addition, the proposed fault current calculation method can be used to analyze the influence after the pickup of the current-limiting control, providing a reference for the threshold setting of line protection and the selection of circuit breakers.

Key words： Active current-limiting control voltage dependent current order limiter hybrid multi-terminal DC transmission fault resistance parameter optimization

收稿日期: 2023-04-03

PACS:

TM713

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51877084）

通讯作者: 戴志辉男,1980年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统保护与控制。E-mail：daihuadian@163.com

作者简介: 李杭泽男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为直流输电系统保护与控制。E-mail：925449790@qq.com

引用本文:

李杭泽, 戴志辉, 韩哲宇, 奚潇睿, 牛宝仪, 杨明玉. 混合多端直流输电系统限流控制策略配合及限流参数全局优化方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 239618-239618. Li Hangze, Dai Zhihui, Han Zheyu, Xi Xiaorui, Niu Baoyi, Yang Mingyu. Current Limiting Control Strategy Coordination and Global Optimization Method of Current Limiting Parameters for Hybrid Multi-Terminal DC Transmission System. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 239618-239618.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230407 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/239618

[1] 孟沛彧, 向往, 潘尔生, 等. 分址建设直流输电系统拓扑方案与运行特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(19): 4808-4822.
Meng Peiyu, Xiang Wang, Pan Ersheng, et al.Research on topology and operation characteristics of HVDC transmission system based on site-division construction[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(19): 4808-4822.
[2] 李子明, 汪嘉宾, 李笑倩, 等. 考虑MMC主动限流控制影响的直流断路器参数优化方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(1): 284-294.
Li Ziming, Wang Jiabin, Li Xiaoqian, et al.Parameter optimization method of DC circuit breaker considering the influence of MMC active fault current limiting control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(1): 284-294.
[3] 袁敏, 茆美琴, 程德健, 等. 主电路参数对MMC-HVDC电网直流短路故障电流综合影响分析[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(10): 11-19.
Yuan Min, Mao Meiqin, Cheng Dejian, et al.Analysis of comprehensive influence of main circuit parameters on DC short circuit fault current of MMC-HVDC grid[J]. Electric Power, 2021, 54(10): 11-19.
[4] 李佳林, 廖凯, 杨健维, 等. 计及换流站闭锁的多端直流系统限流电抗器优化配置策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(11): 102-110.
Li Jialin, Liao Kai, Yang Jianwei, et al.Optimization placement strategy of current limiting reactors in multi-terminal DC system considering converter station blocking[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(11): 102-110.
[5] 陈鹤冲, 袁佳歆, 许顺凯, 等. 一种快速储能式直流限流器拓扑的电气参数分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(14): 3043-3054.
Chen Hechong, Yuan Jiaxin, Xu Shunkai, et al.Electrical parameter analysis of a fast energy storage DC current limiter topology[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(14): 3043-3054.
[6] 袁佳歆, 陈鹤冲, 陈凡, 等. 一种快速响应直流限流器拓扑结构与参数设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(8): 1646-1657.
Yuan Jiaxin, Chen Hechong, Chen Fan, et al.Topology and parameter design of a fast response DC current limiter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(8): 1646-1657.
[7] Mei Jun, Fan Guangyao, Ge Rui, et al.Research on coordination and optimal configuration of current limiting devices in HVDC grids[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 106727-106739.
[8] 张烁, 邹贵彬, 魏秀燕, 等. 多端口直流断路器研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(13): 4502-4516.
Zhang Shuo, Zou Guibin, Wei Xiuyan, et al.A review of research on multi-port DC circuit breaker[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(13): 4502-4516.
[9] 戴志辉, 滕正伟, 邱宏逸, 等. 饱和铁芯型故障限流器对输电线路故障特征及保护的影响与对策[J]. 华北电力大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 49(4): 1-13.
Dai Zhihui, Teng Zhengwei, Qiu Hongyi, et al.Influence and countermeasures of saturated iron-core superconductive fault current limiter on fault characteristics and protection of transmission line[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 49(4): 1-13.
[10] 赵成勇, 宋冰倩, 许建中. 柔性直流电网故障电流主动控制典型方案综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(5): 3-13.
Zhao Chengyong, Song Bingqian, Xu Jianzhong.Overview on typical schemes for active control of fault current in flexible DC grid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(5): 3-13.
[11] Wang Sheng, Li Chuanyue, Adeuyi O D, et al.Coordination of MMCs with hybrid DC circuit breakers for HVDC grid protection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2018, 34(1): 11-22.
[12] 樊强, 赵西贝, 赵成勇, 等. 模块化多电平换流器自适应故障限流控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(17): 126-133.
Fan Qiang, Zhao Xibei, Zhao Chengyong, et al.Adaptive fault current limiting control strategy for modular multilevel converter[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(17): 126-133.
[13] 魏兴杰, 张英敏, 刘坤, 等. 半桥型MMC直流侧故障限流组合控制策略[J]. 电力工程技术, 2023, 42(1): 209-217.
Wei Xingjie, Zhang Yingmin, Liu Kun, et al.Combined control strategy of half-bridge MMC DC side fault current limiting[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2023, 42(1): 209-217.
[14] 武传健, 张大海. 受端混联型LCC-VSC直流输电线路快速后备保护[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(增刊2): 541-553.
Wu Chuanjian, Zhang Dahai.Fast back-up protection scheme of receiving-end hybrid LCC-VSC DC transmission lines[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(S2): 541-553.
[15] Beddard A, Sheridan C E, Barnes M, et al.Improved accuracy average value models of modular multilevel converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016, 31(5): 2260-2269.
[16] 李国庆, 杨勇, 辛业春, 等. 基于桥臂电压控制的MMC直流短路主动限流方法[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(1): 144-152.
Li Guoqing, Yang Yong, Xin Yechun, et al.Active Current-limiting method of MMC to handle DC short-circuit based on bridge arm voltage control[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 45(1): 144-152.
[17] Gong Zheng, Zhao Sihan, Wu Xiaojie, et al.A global fault current limiting strategy for the MMC-HVDC grid with a reduced DC reactor[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2022, 140: 108088.
[18] 公铮, 赵思涵, 朱荣伍, 等. 基于MMC主动限流的柔性直流配电网优化配合保护策略[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(11): 4277-4285.
Gong Zheng, Zhao Sihan, Zhu Rongwu, et al.Optimized coordination protection strategy based on active current limiting for MMC-based flexible DC distribution network[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 45(11): 4277-4285.
[19] 汪娟娟, 梁泽勇, 李子林, 等. 高压直流输电系统低功率运行的无功控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(6): 154-158.
Wang Juanjuan, Liang Zeyong, Li Zilin, et al.Reactive power control strategy for low power operation of HVDC transmission system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(6): 154-158.
[20] 洪潮, 时伯年, 孙刚, 等. 基于LCC-MMC的三端混合直流输电系统故障特性与控制保护策略[J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(8): 73-79.
Hong Chao, Shi Bonian, Sun Gang, et al.Fault characteristics and control & protection strategy of three-terminal LCC-MMC hybrid HVDC transmission system[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(8): 73-79.
[21] 汤兰西, 董新洲. MMC直流输电网线路短路故障电流的近似计算方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(2): 490-498, 646.
Tang Lanxi, Dong Xinzhou.An approximate method for the calculation of transmission line fault current in MMC-HVDC grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(2): 490-498, 646.
[22] 李杭泽, 戴志辉, 石旭, 杨明玉. 计及控制响应的多端混合直流输电系统短路电流近似计算方法[J/OL]. 电工技术学报.[2023-06-28].
Li Hangze, Dai Zhihui, Shi Xu, Yang Mingyu.Approximate Calculation Method of Short-Circuit Current of Multi-Terminal Hybrid DC Transmission System Considering Control Strategy[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society.[2023-06-28].
[23] 赵薇, 郭春义, 杨硕. 混合级联直流输电系统整流/逆变不同控制回路动态交互作用与稳定性研究[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报.[2023-04-19].
ZHAO Wei, GUO Chunyi, YANG Shuo.Research on Dynamic Interaction and Stability of Rectifier/Inverter Control Loop in Hybrid Cascade HVDC system[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE.[2023-04-19].
[24] 杨镜司, 秦文萍, 史文龙, 等. 基于电动汽车参与调峰定价策略的区域电网两阶段优化调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(1): 58-71.
Yang Jingsi, Qin Wenping, Shi Wenlong, et al.Two-stage optimal dispatching of regional power grid based on electric vehicles’ participation in peak-shaving pricing strategy[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(1): 58-71.
[25] 李凌飞, 胡博, 黄莹, 等. 混合多端特高压直流输电系统可靠性评估[J]. 南方电网技术, 2018, 12(11): 73-83.
Li Lingfei, Hu Bo, Huang Ying, et al.Reliability evaluation of hybrid multi-terminal UHVDC transmission system[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2018, 12(11): 73-83.
[26] 王振浩, 计勍, 孙银锋, 等. 交流系统电压对MMC-HVDC接地故障时换流器闭锁前桥臂电流的影响机理[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2020, 48(13): 22-30.
Wang Zhenhao, Ji Qing, Sun Yinfeng, et al.Influence of AC system voltage on the current of the arm of the converter during an MMC-HVDC grounding fault before converter latching[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2020, 48(13): 22-30.
[27] Middlebrook R D.Input filter considerations in design and application of switching regulators[C]//IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Metting, Chicago, lllionios, 1976: 366-382.