Abstract：Efficiency and output ripple of hydrogen generation converters are critical metrics in hydrogen energy applications. Multi-phase interleaved Buck converter (MPIBC) suppresses the output ripple by increasing parallel branches, adopting the higher switching frequency, and adding filter inductance. However, that will lead to an increment in both costs and losses. To solve this deficiency, adding a ripple compensating shunt branch to MPIBC, a new topology, multi-phase stacked interleaved Buck converter (MPSIBC), is proposed in this paper. PWM control with the compensation characteristic is adopted in the compensation branch, in which the output AC current is complementary to the ripple of the MPIBC output current. The idea of output compensation is used to eliminate the output ripple of the converter without dependence on other factors, such as switching frequency. Based on the theoretical analysis of MPSIBC topology and the principle of ripple compensation, simulation on PSIM and physical experiments are established accordingly. Both the simulation and experimental results prove the ripple suppression capability of the proposed MPSIBC, with the reduction of the switching frequency and the inductance of the filters. By adding a capacitor to one of the branches in MPIBC, the function of that branch changes from the original power flow to ripple compensation. This paper refers to the branch as a ripple compensation branch, where the capacitor acts as a voltage divider and a DC blocker. The MPSIBC proposed in this paper is MPIBC with the ripple compensation branch, and its topology and control strategy is first described in detail. Different pulse width modulation signals control the ripple compensation branch and other branches in MPSIBC. The control result is that the compensation branch provides a path for the converter output ripple, thus preventing the ripple from output to the load. The parameter calculations for the converter are then illustrated. The switching frequency and inductance are chosen for continuous conduction mode, and the capacitance is determined for ripple compensation. Next, the converter operation is divided into six stages in combination with the timing diagram of the control signal. The output current ripple of each stage is analyzed theoretically using the formula derivation. Theoretical results show that MPSIBC can achieve almost zero current ripple output under ideal conditions. Finally, the losses of the converter are calculated. The lower switching frequency and the filter inductor in MPSIBC significantly reduce the switching and inductor losses, respectively. This paper builds an MPSIBC simulation model in the PSIM professional tool. In order to estimate the converter losses, the IGBT is simulated using a thermal physical model. The simulation model diagram and parameter table are provided in the paper. A 400W 4PSIBC experimental prototype is also built in the laboratory to verify the simulation. The experiments are implemented in three aspects: output current ripple, fault tolerance, and efficiency. The experimental results indicate that the current ripple output by MPSIBC is approximately 0.2A, a reduction of 83.3% compared to the MPIBC. In the fault tolerance test, one of the power branches in the MPSIBC is set to a fault, and the results show that the compensation branch can still effectively cancel the current ripple after the fault. An experimental comparison of MPSIBC and MPIBC shows that MPSIBC is about 5% more efficient than MPIBC due to the reduction in filter inductance and switching frequency. The experimental results of the prototype verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and simulation. The MPSIBC proposed in this paper adds a capacitor to the MPIBC topology to form a ripple compensation branch, thus resolving the conflict between MPIBC output ripple and efficiency.
张理, 韩民晓, 范溢文. 多相堆叠交错并联制氢变换器控制策略与特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(2): 485-495.
Zhang Li, Han Minxiao, Fan Yiwen. Control Strategy and Characteristic Analysis of Multi-Phase Stacked Interleaved Buck Converter for Hydrogen Production. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(2): 485-495.
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2023, Vol. 38 
