Voltage Stabilization Control for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator System Based on Quadrature Axis Current Calculation and Feedback of the Energy Stored in Capacitor
Hao Liang, Zhao Wenxiang, Ji Jinghua, Xu Dezhi, Wang Yuxue
School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
Abstract In full electrification of high-end equipment, such as special vehicles, warships and aircraft, direct current power systems with generators as the core works under the condition of rapid load change. The dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (DTP-PMSG) has a high fault tolerance rate, low voltage, and high power, suitable for the high-end equipment field limited by output voltage and space volume. However, without considering the nonlinear relationship between bus voltage and quadrature axis current, the conventional bus voltage control method had the disadvantages of long voltage recovery time and large voltage fluctuation when the load changes rapidly. Recently, some methods were presented to analyze the physical meaning of the voltage outer loop and establish the connection between bus voltage and output power, but most of them suffered from high design costs due to complex control parameter. To address these issues, this paper proposes a voltage stabilization control strategy based on quadrature axis current calculation and feedback of the energy stored in capacitor. Firstly, the DTP-PMSG mathematical model is established to deduce the relationship between electromagnetic power and quadrature axis current. Secondly, according to PWM rectifier topology, the mathematical model of the energy and power exchange of the bus capacitor is established to derive the calculation formula of quadrature axis current. Thirdly, combined with the digital realization of the actual control system, the designed time parameter optimizes quadrature axis current calculation formula. Finally, considering that the calculated value of the quadrature axis current will have errors due to the inaccuracy of the DTP-PMSG mathematical model, a capacitor energy storage PI controller is designed to compensate the errors caused by the modeling and realizes the accurate control of the bus voltage. Simulation results show that, when the load is 100Ω, the calculated quadrature axis current value accounts for the main component of the given quadrature axis current, and the values are almost equal. After sudden loading to 35Ω, the calculation of quadrature axis current adjusts quickly to 4.5A to meet output power requirements. Meanwhile, the increase of system power brings about the increase of loss, resulting in an equivalent 0.5A quadrature current loss, which is compensated by capacitor energy storage feedback. Then the experimental results are consistent with the simulation results. Compared with the traditional method, the proposed control strategy reduces the voltage recovery time by about 20% and the voltage fluctuation amplitude by about 35%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of using the proposed. In addition, the experiment draws the curve of bus voltage fluctuation amplitude with flux linkage and capacitance value. The trend suggests that the proposed control strategy has a certain dependence on the flux linkage parameter, the change of the capacitance value has little influence on the bus voltage, and the strategy can adapt to the error of the actual capacitor value. The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation and experimental analysis: ① Through the calculation of quadrature axis current, the setting of the quadrature axis current inner loop is directly obtained, replacing the traditional method that only relies on the voltage outer loop adjusted by the PI controller, and speeding up the response of the voltage outer loop. ② The introduction of capacitive energy storage feedback compensates the calculation error of the quadrature axis current caused by system loss to achieve the accuracy of bus voltage control. Based on clear physical implications, the proposed method can effectively shorten the bus voltage recovery time and reduce the voltage fluctuation amplitude. Although this paper takes DTP-PMSG as the experimental object for analysis, and the method is also applicable to three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors after proper modification.
Hao Liang,Zhao Wenxiang,Ji Jinghua等. Voltage Stabilization Control for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator System Based on Quadrature Axis Current Calculation and Feedback of the Energy Stored in Capacitor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(2): 353-364.
[1] Wang Qingsong, Zha Daojun, Cheng Ming, et al.Energy management system for DC electric spring with parallel topology[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2020, 56(5): 5385-5395. [2] 朱晓荣, 李铮, 孟凡奇. 基于不同网架结构的直流微电网稳定性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(1): 166-178. Zhu Xiaorong, Li Zheng, Meng Fanqi.Stability analysis of DC microgrid based on different grid structures[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(1): 166-178. [3] 刘计龙, 朱志超, 肖飞, 等. 一种面向舰船综合电力系统的模块化三端口直流变换器[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(19): 4085-4096. Liu Jilong, Zhu Zhichao, Xiao Fei, et al.A modular three-port DC-DC converter for vessel integrated power system[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2020, 35(19): 4085-4096. [4] Gao Jian, Dai Litao, Zhang Wenjuan, et al.Multi-interval efficiency design optimization for permanent magnet synchronous generators used in hybrid electric special vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(6): 4646-4656. [5] Boglietti A, Bojoi R, Rubino S, et al.Load capability of multiphase machines under normal and open-phase fault conditions[C]//2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Portland, OR, USA, 2018: 242-247. [6] Zhu Shengdao, Zhao Wenxiang, Liu Guohai, et al.Effect of phase shift angle on radial force and vibration behavior in dual three-phase PMSM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(4): 2988-2998. [7] 田代宗, 孙宇光, 王善铭, 等. 多相整流永磁同步发电机绕组内部相间短路的故障分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(6): 1262-1271. Tian Daizong, Sun Yuguang, Wang Shanming, et al.Analysis of stator internal phase-to-phase short-circuit in the multiphase permanent magnet syn-chronous generator with rectifier load system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(6): 1262-1271. [8] Hu Yashan, Li Yonggang, Ma Xiandong, et al.Flux-weakening control of dual three-phase PMSM based on vector space decomposition control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021, 36(7): 8428-8438. [9] Yeoh S S, Yang Tao, Tarisciotti L, et al.Permanent-magnet machine-based starter-generator system with modulated model predictive control[J]. IEEE Transa-ctions on Transportation Electrification, 2017, 3(4): 878-890. [10] Su Yulan, Ge Xinglai, Xie Dong, et al.An active disturbance rejection control-based voltage control strategy of single-phase cascaded H-bridge recti-fiers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2020, 56(5): 5182-5193. [11] Zhang Yongchang, Wang Zeting, Jiao Jian, et al.Grid-voltage sensorless model predictive control of three-phase PWM rectifier under unbalanced and distorted grid voltages[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2020, 35(8): 8663-8672. [12] 肖雄, 武玉娟, 孙广达, 等. 基于自适应神经网络观测的无电压传感器PWM整流器功率预测控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(3): 1135-1146. Xiao Xiong, Wu Yujuan, Sun Guangda, et al.Voltage-sensorless model predictive power control of PWM rectifier based on adaptive neural network observation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(3): 1135-1146. [13] 王占扩, 张永昌, 童朝南. 一种改进的三相PWM整流器模型预测控制方法研究[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2020, 24(7): 73-81. Wang Zhankuo, Zhang Yongchang, Tong Chaonan.Improved model predictive direct power control for three-phase PWM rectifier[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2020, 24(7): 73-81. [14] 苏晓英, 朱连成, 金石, 等. 一种复合转子无刷双馈风力发电机直接功率控制研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(3): 494-501. Su Xiaoying, Zhu Liancheng, Jin Shi, et al.Research on direct power control for brushless doubly-fed wind power generator with a novel hybrid rotor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(3): 494-501. [15] Liu Senyi, Liu Chunhua.Virtual-vector-based robust predictive current control for dual three-phase PMSM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Elec-tronics, 2021, 68(3): 2048-2058. [16] Ren Yuan, Zhu Z Q, Green J E, et al.Improved duty-ratio-based direct torque control for dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2019, 55(6): 5843-5853. [17] Niu Feng, Chen Xi, Huang Shaopo, et al.Model predictive current control with adaptive-adjusting timescales for PMSMs[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2021, 5(2): 108-117. [18] 姜卫东, 李王敏, 佘阳阳, 等. 直流电容储能反馈和负载功率前馈的PWM整流器控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(8): 151-158. Jiang Weidong, Li Wangmin, She Yangyang, et al.Control strategy for PWM rectifier based on feedback of the energy stored in capacitor and load power feed-forward[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2015, 30(8): 151-158. [19] 甘志伟, 缪冬敏, 王云冲, 等. 宽转速范围永磁同步发电机系统稳压控制及参数优化[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(8): 1624-1633. Gan Zhiwei, Miao Dongmin, Wang Yunchong, et al.Voltage stabilization control and parameters optimi-zation for wide-speed-range permanent magnet synchronous generator systems[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(8): 1624-1633. [20] Zhang Xiang, Yang Jiaqiang.A robust flywheel energy storage system discharge strategy for wide speed range operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017, 64(10): 7862-7873. [21] 张建亚, 王凯, 朱姝姝, 等. 双三相永磁同步电机多谐波电流协同控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(2): 644-652. Zhang Jianya, Wang Kai, Zhu Shushu, et al.Control strategies of dual three-phase permanent magnet machines with multi-harmonics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(2): 644-652. [22] Feng Guodong, Lai Chunyan, Li Wenlong, et al.Dual reference frame based current harmonic minimization for dual three-phase PMSM considering inverter voltage limit[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec-tronics, 2021, 36(7): 8055-8066. [23] 曹靖洺, 董朝宇, 肖迁, 等. 考虑控制与通信多成分时滞的多端MMC-HVDC信息物理系统统一建模与互联稳定性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(10): 3547-3560, 3679. Cao Jingming, Dong Chaoyu, Xiao Qian, et al.State modeling and stability analysis of the multi-terminal MMC-HVDC cyber-physical system considering the control and communication delay[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(10): 3547-3560, 3679.
2023, Vol. 38 
