|
|
|
| Influence of Different Types of Short Circuit in Transmission Line on the Rotor Loss and Temperature Rise of Synchronous Condenser |
| Xu Guorui1, Hu Peidong1, Li Zhiqiang2, Liu Wenmao3, Li Weili3 |
1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China;
2. China Electric Power Research Institute Limited Beijing 100192 China;
3. School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China |
|
|
|
Abstract Synchronous condenser (SC) can provide the reactive power for the converter station of Ultra High Voltage Direct Current (UHVDC) to keep the stability of the system voltage and prevent DC commutation failure. When the drop of the AC system voltage results from the short circuit of the transmission line, the SC can provide a large amount of reactive power for the power grid. However, the high reactive power and large current of the SC will increase the loss and heat of the SC. By coupling the electromagnetic field and temperature field models of the SC with the model of the power grid, the rotor losses and temperature distributions of the SC are calculated under the single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase short-circuit faults in the transmission line. The ability of the SC to withstand different types of short circuits of the power system is studied.
In this paper, the field-circuit coupled time-stepping finite element model of the SC is established and the dynamic processes of the SC under three different short-circuit faults of transmission line are calculated. Then the loss densities of the rotor slot wedges and small teeth under the different short-circuit faults of transmission line are calculated, and the loss densities in different positions of the rotor are compared and analyzed. Finally, the temperature fields of the rotor core and slot wedges are calculated, and the rotor maximum temperature rises are obtained. It is revealed that the relationship between the duration of the SC and the type of short-circuit fault under the consideration of the maximum withstand temperature of the rotor.
The results of the loss calculation show that the loss densities of the upper layers of the rotor are larger than that of the middle and lower layers during the short-circuit faults, and the rotor loss densities decrease along with the increase of the radial depth; the loss densities of the slot wedges are higher than that of the small teeth, and the loss density of the large teeth are the maximum. According to the temperature field of the SC under the single-phase, two-phase and three-phase short-circuit faults of the transmission line, the highest temperature rises of the rotor slot wedges are 32.102℃, 25.962℃ and 17.31℃, respectively; those of the small teeth are 26.039℃, 21.331℃ and 15.108℃, respectively; and those of the large teeth are 84.03℃, 76.3℃ and 22.728℃, respectively. The temperature of the rotor large teeth is a key factor that restricts the operating ability of the SC. With the consideration of the maximum permissible temperature of the rotor core, the ability of the SC to withstand different types of short-circuit faults is obtained. The durations of the SC under the single-phase and two-phase short circuit are 3.62s and 3.97s, respectively; the highest temperature of the SC under the three-phase short circuit would not reach the maximum permissible temperature of the rotor core.
The conclusions can be drawn as follows: ① The maximum loss density of the SC appears on the surface of the rotor large teeth and the loss density of the rotor slot wedges is larger than that of the small teeth. ② The rotor loss of the SC is mainly distributed on the rotor surface during the transient process due to the skin effect, the rotor loss under single-phase and two-phase short circuit is larger than that under three-phase short circuit. ③ The temperature rises of the rotor large teeth are larger than those of the rotor slot wedges and small teeth, the temperature rise of the rotor large tooth is the main factor that restricts the transient operating ability of the SC. ④ The negative sequence current under the asymmetric short circuit results in the larger rotor loss and temperature rise, therefore, the duration of the SC under asymmetrical short-circuit faults of transmission line is significantly smaller than that under the symmetrical short-circuit fault.
|
|
Received: 10 November 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 郑重, 苗世洪, 李超, 等. 面向微型能源互联网接入的交直流配电网协同优化调度策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(1): 192-207.
Zheng Zhong, Miao Shihong, Li Chao, et al.Coordinated optimal dispatching strategy of AC/DC distribution network for the integration of micro energy internet[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2022, 37(1): 192-207.
[2] Wu Zhengyang, Li Shenghu.Reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis to AC/UHVDC systems based on sequential Monte Carlo simulation[J]. IEEE Transa-ctions on Power Systems, 2019, 34(4): 3156-3167.
[3] Li Yong, Luo Longfu, Rehtanz C, et al.Realization of reactive power compensation near the LCC-HVDC converter bridges by means of an inductive filtering method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012, 27(9): 3908-3923.
[4] 高本锋, 王刚, 刘毅, 等. LCC-HVDC送端电网等值方案研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(15): 3250-3263, 3271.
Gao Benfeng, Wang Gang, Liu Yi, et al.Study on equivalence method of AC system in sending-end of LCC-HVDC[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2021, 36(15): 3250-3263, 3271.
[5] 李辉, 王震, 周挺, 等. 含同步调相机的直流受端换流站全工况下多模式协调控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(17): 3678-3690.
Li Hui, Wang Zhen, Zhou Ting, et al.Multi-mode coordinated control strategy for DC receiving converter station with synchronous condenser under full operating conditions[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(17): 3678-3690.
[6] 孟沛彧, 王志冰, 迟永宁, 等. 适应多能源基地远距离输送电能的混合四端直流输电系统控制策略研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(增刊2): 523-534.
Meng Peiyu, Wang Zhibing, Chi Yongning, et al.Control strategy of hybrid four-terminal HVDC transmission system dedicated for long-distance power delivery from multiple energy bases[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(S2): 523-534.
[7] 王继豪, 王安东, 孙福春, 等. 水内冷调相机定子温度场的计算与分析[J]. 大电机技术, 2020(4): 10-14, 28.
Wang Jihao, Wang Andong, Sun Fuchun, et al.Calculation and analysis of stator temperature field of water-cooled condenser[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine, 2020(4): 10-14, 28.
[8] Ren Zhangao, Wang Cong, Wang Haifei, et al.Research on temperature rise calculation of the large synchronous condenser in UHVDC system[C]//2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Jeju, Korea (South), 2018: 659-663.
[9] Teleke S, Abdulahovic T, Thiringer T, et al.Dynamic performance comparison of synchronous condenser and SVC[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2008, 23(3): 1606-1612.
[10] Wang Puyu, Liu Xing, Mou Qingwen, et al.Dynamic behaviors and protection strategy of synchronous condenser integrated power system under non-full phase fault conditions[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 104121-104131.
[11] 印钊阳. 新一代同步调相机在高压直流输电系统中动态性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨理工大学, 2020.
[12] Pantelyat M G, Saphonov A N, Shulzhenko N G.3D finite element analysis of the turbogenerator rotor electromagnetic field[C]//IET 8th International Con-ference on Computation in Electromagnetics (CEM 2011), Wroclaw, 2011: 1-2.
[13] Traxler-Samek G, Zickermann R, Schwery A.Cooling airflow, losses, and temperatures in large air-cooled synchronous machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2010, 57(1): 172-180.
[14] Kefalas T D, Kladas A G.Thermal investigation of permanent-magnet synchronous motor for aerospace applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014, 61(8): 4404-4411.
[15] 梁艳萍, 燕秀龙, 于鸿浩. 抽水蓄能电站发电电动机端部磁场及结构件损耗分析计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(6): 21-29.
Liang Yanping, Yan Xiulong, Yu Honghao.Analysis and calculation of magnetic field and structure loss in end region of generator-motor for pumped storage power station[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2016, 31(6): 21-29.
[16] 李伟力, 李金阳, 李丹. 变截面转子通风沟对全空冷水轮发电机转子温度场和流体场的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(增刊2): 42-49.
Li Weili, Li Jinyang, Li Dan.Influence of variable section rotor ventilation ducts on temperature and fluid fields of a full air-cooled large hydro-generator rotor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(S2): 42-49.
[17] 李伟力, 孙佳慧, 孙宏丽. 汽轮发电机稳态与负序工况下转子涡流损耗计算和温度场分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2012, 27(9): 174-182.
Li Weili, Sun Jiahui, Sun Hongli.Calculation and analysis of eddy loss and temperature field in rotor of synchronous generator under steady state and negative sequence[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2012, 27(9): 174-182.
[18] 夏海霞, 姚缨英, 熊素铭, 等. 1000MW汽轮发电机端部磁-热耦合分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2008, 28(14): 118-122.
Xia Haixia, Yao Yingying, Xiong Suming, et al.Magnetic-thermal coupling analysis of end region of 1000MW turbine-generator[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008, 28(14): 118-122.
[19] 胡笳. 系统扰动条件下同步发电机运行行为的时步有限元研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2010.
[20] 王立坤. 汽轮发电机端部电磁场与涡流损耗及其影响因素的研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨理工大学, 2015.
[21] Toda H, Senda K, Morimoto S, et al.Influence of various non-oriented electrical steels on motor efficiency and iron loss in switched reluctance motor[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2013, 49(7): 3850-3853.
[22] 刘广. 水轮发电机不对称运行转子温度场分析[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2012.
[23] 李勇. 单路通风系统空冷汽轮发电机热交换规律的研究[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2019.
[24] 李伟力, 陈婷婷, 曲凤波, 等. 高压永磁同步电动机实心转子三维温度场分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(18): 55-60.
Li Weili, Chen Tingting, Qu Fengbo, et al.Analysis on solid rotor 3-D temperature field in high voltage PMSM[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(18): 55-60.
[25] IEC 60034-1-13 Criteria for Rotating Electrical Machine-Part 1: Rating and Performance[S]. 2017.
[26] GB/T 755-2019. 旋转电机: 等级和性能B/T 755-2019. 旋转电机: 等级和性能[S]. 2019. |
|
|
|
2023, Vol. 38 
