船舶中压直流综合电力系统（二）：故障保护管理技术

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231646

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摘要

船舶中压直流综合电力系统代表船舶综合电力系统的发展方向,是我国实施海洋强国战略的重要基础。作为论文的第二部分,该文聚焦船舶中压直流综合电力系统故障保护管理技术。船舶中压直流综合电力系统故障保护管理技术包括故障特性分析、继电保护原理、故障隔离方案和故障后重构方法四部分。首先,分析了其特殊技术要求;其次,归纳总结了船舶中压直流综合电力系统的故障特性、继电保护算法的现有技术及其存在的问题,阐述了船舶中压直流综合电力系统的故障隔离方案、故障后重构方法的研究现状,并进行了详细对比和分析;最后,对船舶中压直流综合电力系统故障保护管理技术进行了总结和展望。

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关键词 ：中压直流, 船舶综合电力系统, 故障特性分析, 继电保护, 故障隔离

Abstract：

The shipboard medium-voltage DC (MVDC) integrated power system (IPS) is the technological development direction of the shipboard IPS. As the second part, this paper focuses on the protection and fault management technology of the shipboard MVDC IPS, which includes four parts: fault characteristics analysis, protection principle, fault isolation scheme and reconfiguration method.
First of all, the special technical requirements for the protection and fault management technology are analyzed. The shipboard MVDC IPS has high requirements for selectivity and speed. The protection and fault management scheme needs to fully consider the shipboard multiple operating modes and the transient response of multi-type power electronic converters.
Then, the fault characteristics analysis method and the protection principle are summarized, and the limitations are outlined. Subsequently, the fault isolation scheme and reconfiguration method are comprehensive reviewed, and the detailed comparisons are made respectively. Finally, the future research trends of the protection and fault management technology of the shipboard MVDC IPS are pointed out.
1) Fault characteristics analysis. The fault transient characteristics analysis methods based on time-frequency domain transformation, nodal impedance matrix analysis, topology simplification, and pole-mode transformation analysis in multi-terminal DC (MTDC) transmission and distribution system provide important references for the shipboard MVDC IPS. However, the fault characteristic analysis model of the complex topology shipboard MVDC IPS containing multi-type power electronic converters, multiple system nodes and multiple operating modes still needs to be studied.
2) Protection principle. Intelligent protection methods require a large amount of training data, which limits the engineering applications. The shipboard MVDC IPS protection can draw on the existing MTDC transmission and distribution system protection method to a certain extent. However, due to the short ship cables, inconsistent DC line boundaries, multiple system nodes, and complex topology, more detailed and in-depth research is still needed.
3) Fault isolation scheme. The hybrid DC circuit breaker (DCCB) has the advantages of low on-state loss of mechanical DC circuit breaker (MCB) and fast breaking speed of solid-state DCCB, which is one of the main technological development directions of DCCB. Currently, the fault isolation scheme based on inductive DC fault current limiter (DCFCL) and DCCB is more suitable for the shipboard MVDC IPS. The simple topology and low cost-based current-limiting DCCB and the high reliability multi-port DCCB are the future research directions.
4) Reconfiguration method. Combining the advantages of centralized manner-based reconfiguration methods and distributed reconfiguration methods, the muti-level distributed reconfiguration method is a meaningful research direction. What is more, the objective function and constraints of the shipboard MVDC IPS reconfiguration method require further study.

Key words： Medium-voltage DC shipboard integrated power system fault characteristics analysis power system protection fault isolation

收稿日期: 2023-10-08

PACS:

TM771

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（52337006）、上海市2023年科技创新行动计划启明星培育（扬帆计划）（23YF1416000）、上海市优秀学术带头人计划（22XD1401400）、电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室开放课题（2022AB02）和上海市科技计划（20040501200）资助项目

通讯作者: 邰能灵男,1972年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统继电保护、电力系统综合自动化。E-mail：nltai@sjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨亚宇男,1991年生,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为船舶电力系统继电保护与控制、直流电网。E-mail：1098196711@163.com

引用本文:

杨亚宇, 邰能灵, 黄文焘, 余墨多, 刘宇. 船舶中压直流综合电力系统（二）：故障保护管理技术[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(23): 7341-7364. Yang Yayu, Tai Nengling, Huang Wentao, Yu Moduo, Liu Yu. Shipboard Medium-Voltage DC Integrated Power System Ⅱ: Protection and Fault Management Technology. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(23): 7341-7364.

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