Circuit Breaker State Identification Method Based on Tracing Spring Deformation Process and Recurrence Quantitative Analysis of Vibration Signals
Liu Huilan1, Chang Gengyao1, Zhao Shutao1, Fu Lei2, Liu Jiaomin1
1. Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Security Defense North China Electric Power University Baoding 071003 China; 2. College of Electronic and Information Engineering Hebei University Baoding 071002 China
Abstract：High-voltage circuit breakers are key electrical equipment for power grid control and protection. As the structure complexity and automation of transmission and distribution networks continue to increase, the requirements for reliable operation are also increasing. Each movement has strict stage characteristics for high- voltage circuit breakers with the spring-operated mechanism, from energy storage spring release caused by the tripping of the locking mechanism to the moving contact driven by components and then to the rest. The mechanical vibration accompanying the action of the circuit breaker indicates the energy transmission and health status of the equipment. This paper proposes a method for the recursive quantitative analysis of vibration signals in high-voltage circuit breakers, focusing on traceability to the spring deformation process. First, a high-speed camera captures the action image of the energy storage spring during circuit breaker operation. A specific target in the high-speed image sequence is dynamically extracted through a computer vision tracking algorithm (normalized cross-correlation graphic pyramid matching algorithm) to form a spring movement and displacement time curve. Four characteristic frames are defined for spring deformation: deformation start, maximum velocity, maximum deformation, and oscillation end. Secondly, according to the characteristic frame timing of the image sequence, the operation process is accurately divided into four stages: tripping, energy storage release, closing buffer, and oscillation braking. Each stage highlights the changing characteristics of signals, reflecting the correlation between the signal and the actual physical energy transfer state. Finally, vibration signals of different stages are mapped to a high-dimensional phase space. The recurrence plot (RP) reflecting the changing characteristics of the dynamic system is obtained through recursive analysis. In addition, the RQA feature sequence is obtained through recursive quantitative analysis (RQA), allowing for an accurate depiction of the relationship among spring discharge, vibration events, and component motion. Taking a ZN65-12 high-voltage circuit breaker as the research object, a fault simulation experiment platform is built, and the support vector machine model is used to analyze and identify vibration characteristic samples under normal and fault conditions. The experimental results show that the timing of spring energy release refines vibration signals. Feature analysis effectively improves the accuracy of circuit breaker status identification. High-speed image and vibration signal capture are both non-invasive measurement methods. With accumulating experimental data and further algorithm improvement, it is expected to find applications in circuit breaker fault monitoring and live testing.
刘会兰, 常庚垚, 赵书涛, 付磊, 刘教民. 溯源弹簧形变过程的断路器振动信号递归量化分析辨识方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(8): 2567-2577.
Liu Huilan, Chang Gengyao, Zhao Shutao, Fu Lei, Liu Jiaomin. Circuit Breaker State Identification Method Based on Tracing Spring Deformation Process and Recurrence Quantitative Analysis of Vibration Signals. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(8): 2567-2577.
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2024, Vol. 39 
