电工技术学报  2024, Vol. 39 Issue (2): 369-377    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221990
电工理论 |
点状热干扰源诱导的准各向同性高温超导股线失超特性
王起悦1, 刘子秋2, 孙梓源1, 杨宇1, 皮伟1
1.华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室 北京 102206;
2.国网山东省电力公司济南供电公司 济南 250000
Quench Characteristics of Quasi-Isotropic Superconducting Strand Triggered by Point Thermal Disturbance
Wang Qiyue1, Liu Ziqiu2, Sun Ziyuan1, Yang Yu1, Pi Wei1
1. The State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China;
2. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan Power Supply Company Jinan 250000 China
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摘要 第二代高温超导带材因其较高的临界电流密度以及良好的机械特性,近年来在超导研究领域得到极大关注。由REBCO带材组成的高温超导导体在液氮温度下的零电阻特性使其在超导输电领域具有巨大的潜力。从安全角度看,高温超导导体的失超保护研究是其获得广泛应用的一个关键。该文建立了准各向同性超导股线的三维失超仿真模型,耦合了电场、磁场和温度场,模拟了不同运行电流以及不同点状热干扰能量下超导股线的失超行为,求解出股线的温度、电流密度以及磁场分布,得到了准各向同性高温超导股线的最小失超能(MQE)以及失超传播速度(QPV),对超导装置的失超保护具有重要意义。该文对准各向同性超导股线建立的三维失超模型,也可以应用到其他结构的高温超导导体的失超研究中。
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关键词 准各向同性超导股线失超行为最小失超能失超传播速度    
Abstract:With the development of second-generation (2G) high-temperature superconductors (HTS) and the progress in cryogenic technology, 2G HTS has been widely applied in superconducting power technology due to its excellent mechanical properties, complete diamagnetism, and zero resistance characteristic at liquid nitrogen temperatures. However, the practical applications of HTS face a key issue: the quench behavior of HTS, mainly embodied in the minimum quench energy (MQE) and quench propagation velocity (QPV). This paper studies the quench characteristics of quasi-isotropic superconducting (Q-IS) strands when subjected to a point thermal disturbance and the influence of different operating currents for quench detection and protection of HTS devices in power systems.
Firstly, the structure and parameters of the superconducting strand used in the simulation model are described in detail, and the geometric model of a 140 mm long Q-IS strand immersed in liquid nitrogen is established. Considering the effect of the self-magnetic field, a 3D electric-magnetic-thermal simulation model is established to analyze the thermal stability of the strand using the finite element method (FEM). At the beginning of the simulation, the operating current is applied to the HTS strand until the strand operates stably. Then, a thermal pulse is added to the strand's center to simulate a point thermal disturbance. The thermal disturbance power is constant during the 200 ms duration of the thermal disturbance application.
The thermal stability simulation results show that when the operating current is 3 000 A and the disturbance energy is 1.40 J/mm3, the strand exhibits an apparent quench recovery behavior, suggesting that 1.40 J/mm3 does not reach the MQE of the strand. As the disturbance energy increases to 1.48 J/mm3, the quench region diffuses continuously over time, resulting in quench propagation with the strand. Under this operating current, the MQE of the superconducting strand is 1.48 J/mm3, and the QPV is 0.79 cm/s. Then, MQEs and QPVs under various operating currents are simulated by the same method. The MQE of the Q-IS strand decreases from 2.17 J/mm3 to 1.04 J/mm3, and the QPV increases from 0.61 cm/s to 1.45 cm/s as the operating current increases from 2 600 A to 3 400 A.
It is also shown that the MQE of the Q-IS strand decreases and the QPV increases with the increase of operating current. The current sharing of the copper sheath can significantly improve the thermal stability of the Q-IS strand. However, it is essential to consider the size design of the copper sheath to ensure it is manageable, potentially causing a delay in quench detection by the protection device. The electric-magnetic-thermal simulation model established in this paper can also be extended to study the thermal stability of Q-IS strands in external fields and other superconducting strands.
Key wordsQuasi-isotropic superconducting strand    quench behavior    minimum quench energy (MQE)    quench propagation velocity (QPV)   
收稿日期: 2022-10-18     
PACS: TM26  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52277025, 51877083)
通讯作者: 皮伟, 男,1979年生,副教授,研究方向为超导电力技术。E-mail: ppiiwei@ncepu.edu.cn   
作者简介: 王起悦, 女,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为超导电力技术。E-mail: superyue990826@163.com
引用本文:   
王起悦, 刘子秋, 孙梓源, 杨宇, 皮伟. 点状热干扰源诱导的准各向同性高温超导股线失超特性[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(2): 369-377. Wang Qiyue, Liu Ziqiu, Sun Ziyuan, Yang Yu, Pi Wei. Quench Characteristics of Quasi-Isotropic Superconducting Strand Triggered by Point Thermal Disturbance. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(2): 369-377.
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