Quench Characteristics of Quasi-Isotropic Superconducting Strand Triggered by Point Thermal Disturbance
Wang Qiyue1, Liu Ziqiu2, Sun Ziyuan1, Yang Yu1, Pi Wei1
1. The State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China;
2. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan Power Supply Company Jinan 250000 China
With the development of the second generation (2G) high temperature superconductors (HTS) and the progress of cryogenic technology, 2G HTS has been widely applied in superconducting power technology due to its excellent mechanical properties, complete diamagnetism and zero resistance characteristic at liquid nitrogen temperature. However, the practical application of HTS faces the key issue: the quench behavior of HTS, which is mainly embodied in the minimum quench energy (MQE) and quench propagation velocity (QPV). The quench characteristics of quasi-isotropic superconducting (Q-IS) strand triggered by a point thermal disturbance are studied here, as well as the effects of different operating currents. It is of great significance for quench detection and protection of HTS devices in power systems.
Firstly, the structure and parameters of the superconducting strand used in the simulation model are described in detail, and the geometric model of a 140 mm long Q-IS strand immersed in liquid nitrogen is established. Then, considering the effect of the self-magnetic field, a 3D electric-magnetic-thermal simulation model is established to study the thermal stability of the strand based on the finite element method (FEM). At the beginning of the simulation, the operating current is applied to the HTS strand until the strand operates stably, then a thermal pulse is added in the center of the strand to simulate a point thermal disturbance. The thermal disturbance power is constant during the application of the thermal disturbance with the duration of 200 ms.
The thermal stability simulation results show that while the operating current is 3 000 A and the disturbance energy is 1.40 J/mm3, the strand shows an obvious quench recovery behavior, which means 1.40 J/mm3 doesn't reach the MQE of the strand. While the disturbance energy increases to 1.48 J/mm3, the quench region diffuses continuously as the time goes on, resulting in quench propagation behavior of the strand. Under this operating current, the MQE of the superconducting strand is 1.48 J/mm3, and the QPV is 0.79 cm/s. Then MQEs and QPVs under other different operating currents are simulated by the same method. It can be seen that the MQE of the Q-IS strand decreases from 2.17 J/mm3 to 1.04 J/mm3, and the QPV increases from 0.61 cm/s to 1.45 cm/s when the operating current increases from 2 600 A to 3 400 A.
Results also show: the MQE of the Q-IS strand decreases with the increasing of operating current, and the QPV increases with the increasing of operating current. The thermal stability of the Q-IS strand can be significantly improved by the current sharing of the copper sheath. However, the size designing of the copper sheath should consider the strand's QPV as well, because it shouldn't be too small to miss the quench detection time of the protection device. The electric-magnetic-thermal simulation model established in this paper can also be extended to study the thermal stability of Q-IS strands in external fields and other superconducting strands.
王起悦, 刘子秋, 孙梓源, 杨宇, 皮伟. 点状热干扰源诱导的准各向同性高温超导股线失超特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 8909-.
Wang Qiyue, Liu Ziqiu, Sun Ziyuan, Yang Yu, Pi Wei. Quench Characteristics of Quasi-Isotropic Superconducting Strand Triggered by Point Thermal Disturbance. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 8909-.
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