一种基于线性零磁场的动脉血管扫描成像方法仿真

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221991

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摘要

基于磁电耦合效应的血流检测及血管成像是实现心血管疾病早期诊疗的有效方法之一。本文基于磁场与血流耦合电效应,设计了一种用于动脉血管扫描成像的组合线圈结构,产生带有零磁场线（Field Free Line, FFL）区域的线性梯度磁场;在此结构的基础上,通过控制激励电流驱动FFL实现成像区域双向扫描;结合卷积神经网络（Convolutional Neural Networks, CNN）实现磁电耦合信号与血管信息的非线性映射,进而提出了一种基于线性零磁场的动脉血管扫描成像新方法。采用多物理场仿真软件COMSOL对基于线性零磁场的血管扫描成像方法进行建模,求解磁电耦合信号,验证了所提出方法的合理性和有效性。结果表明,线性梯度磁场模式下的磁电耦合信号含有血管位置、半径等信息;CNN重建血管位置误差平均值为1.569 4mm,重建血管半径的均方误差（Mean Squared Error, MSE）和相关系数（Correlation Coefficient, CC）平均值分别为0.054 8和0.987 0。研究结果可用于血管成像装置设计及后续相关临床应用提供研究支撑。

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	杨丹
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关键词 ：心血管疾病, 磁场与血流耦合电效应, 零磁场线, 线性梯度磁场, 卷积神经网络, COMSOL

Abstract：

Backgroundand Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery stenosis, coronary heart disease have become major diseases that seriously endanger human health. Nowadays, the existed diagnostic techniques in clinical practice are not suitable for early cardiovascular disease prediction and monitoring due to trauma, high cost, radiation problems and operation complexity. In this paper, we studied the coupling electric effect of magnetic field and blood flow, and considered that a large range of uniform magnetic field results in slow imaging speed, a linear gradient magnetic field for arterial scanning imaging method is proposed.
Methodsand Models: Firstly, the topology of combined coil for arterial vascular scanning imaging was proposed for generating a linear gradient magnetic field with a Field Free Line (FFL) configuration. Secondly, employing this coils group, FFL was moved by adjusting excitation current to realize two-directional electronical scan of imaging region. And the curved FFL scanning trajectory was corrected. Then, the numerical simulation model of arterial scanning imaging was established by COMSOL, and the voltage signals of magnetoelectric coupling have been solved by finite element method (FEM). Finally, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) were used to realize the nonlinear mapping between the magnetoelectric coupled signals and the vascular information. The coordinates of the center position and the radius of the blood vessel were obtained to reconstruct the arterial vascular image.==Results:When the current amplitude of the gradient coil changes from 8A to 30A, the peak value of the magnetic field intensity in the Y-axis z direction varies from 0.024T to 0.089T, and the magnetic field gradient increases accordingly. The FFL is generated by superimposing the alternating driving field and the linear gradient magnetic field line. Injecting cosine alternating currents into the driving coil, FFL is electronically scanning in yz-plane. The translated range of FFL is -30mm to 40mm in y-direction and -20mm to 25mm in z-direction. The CNN is trained by simulation datasets, nonlinear mapping between induced voltage signal and the vascular information is established. By using trained CNN, the mean error of vessel position reconstructed is 1.569 4mm. The Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Correlation Coefficient (CC) of reconstructed vascular radius are 0.054 8 and 0.987 0, respectively.
Conclusions:1) The topology of combined coil for generating FFL proposed in this study has shown the potential advantage in the real-time imaging of arteries. 2) By adopting correction coefficient in the gradient coil current, the FFL offset height can be dynamically compensated, and the linear correction of FFL trajectory has been realized. 3) Using CNN, the nonlinear mapping between the magneto-electric coupling signal of blood flow in linear gradient zero field excitation and the vascular information can be established, obtaining the arterial vessel profile image. However, in the practical design of the imaging system, there are many issues to be considered such as turns of the coil, the coils group geometry, FFL translating the field of view (FOV), imaging speed, image resolution and etc. In the follow-up study, we will further adjust the position of each coil or optimize the structure of combined coils for the clinical requirements of blood vessel images.

Key words： Cardiovascular disease magnetic field and blood flow coupling electrical effect linear gradient magnetic field field free line COMSOL convolutional neural networks

收稿日期: 2022-10-18

PACS:

TM12

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（U22A20221,61836011,71790614）、教育部中央高校基础科研业务费（2020GFZD008）、辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目（2021-MS093, 2022-MS-119, 2021-BS-054）、辽宁省教育厅基础科学研究项目2021（LJKZ0014）和111项目（B16009）

通讯作者: 杨丹, 女,1979年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为生物电磁检测及成像。Email：yangdan@mail.neu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王雨忱, 女,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电磁探测和成像技术。E-mail：2070802@stu.neu.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨丹, 王雨忱, 李天兆, 徐彬, 吴莹. 一种基于线性零磁场的动脉血管扫描成像方法仿真[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 8910-. Yang Dan, Wang Yuchen, Li Tianzhao, Xu Bin, Wu Ying. Simulation of An Arterial Scanning Imaging Method Based on Linear Zero Magnetic Field. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 8910-.

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