风力机叶片防除冰涂层第二部分：温升数值计算及防除冰性能

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221778

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (9)

全文: PDF (1607 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

针对电热超疏水涂层覆冰过程中表现出的三类不同冰层形貌,该文建立了电加热融冰数值计算模型并对仿真计算结果进行了相应的试验验证,验证结果与仿真结果基本一致,该模型能有效模拟融冰过程和温度分布。临界融冰功率的计算结果表明,电热超疏水涂层融冰所需功率大于非超疏水电热涂层,尤其在乳突状冰层出现后,融冰功率将大幅增加。对电热超疏水涂层进行了防冰试验,结果表明：在雨凇覆冰环境中,超疏水性能单独作用时,叶片在覆冰前期能延缓覆冰;电热性能与超疏水性能共同作用时,叶片无覆冰形成。电热超疏水涂层用于风力机防覆冰具有较好的效果,但用于覆冰后的融冰时将需要更多的能量。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	胡琴
	朱茂林
	舒立春
	蒋兴良
	徐兴

关键词 ：风力机, 超疏水电热涂层, 防除冰, 数值模型, 人工试验

Abstract：

According to the observation and statistics of the ice morphology on the surface of the electrothermal superhydrophobic coating, the coating shows three different types of ice morphology in the process of ice coating. The first ice type, the ice coating is scattered on the surface of the coating in blocks, mostly in the early stage of ice coating; The second ice type, the coating is almost covered by ice, forming a papillary ice layer, mostly in the middle of the ice coating; The third ice type, which is fully covered with corrugated ice, is similar to the non superhydrophobic coating ice type, and mostly occurs in the late stage of ice coating. Based on these three types of icing, a numerical calculation model of electric heating ice melting is established, including the calculation model of coating temperature rise and critical deicing power. The results of the simulation model are verified by experiments. The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulation results. The model can effectively simulate the ice melting process and temperature distribution of the electrothermal superhydrophobic coating. The anti icing and deicing tests of fan blades coated with electrothermal superhydrophobic coatings are carried out in this paper. The results of relevant simulation calculations and icing tests are as follows:
The calculation results of the critical deicing power show that: The increase of the ice thickness of the common electrothermal coating hinders the loss of the coating heat, and the critical deicing power decreases; For the first ice type of electrothermal superhydrophobic coating, the deicing power required for power supply heating is small; For ice type 2, due to the formation of its columnar ice type, the convective heat transfer area increases, the heat loss increases, and the critical ice melting power is large; The ice type 3 is similar to the ice coated type of ordinary coating, the ice thickness hinders the heat loss of the coating, and the required deicing power is roughly equivalent to that of ordinary electrothermal coating. The calculation results indicate that the power required for ice melting of electrothermal superhydrophobic coatings is greater than that of non superhydrophobic electrothermal coatings, especially after the emergence of papillary ice, the ice melting power will increase significantly.
The results of the anti-icing and deicing test of the electrothermal superhydrophobic coating show that: In the glaze icing environment, when the superhydrophobic performance acts alone, the blade can delay the ice coating in the early stage of the ice coating. Once the papillary ice coating appears on the windward side of the electrothermal superhydrophobic blade, the ice coating weight will increase significantly, and with the increase of the ice coating time, the ice coating severity will be greater than that of the ordinary blade surface; When electrothermal performance and superhydrophobic performance are combined, no ice coating is formed on the blade coating surface. The synergistic effect of electrothermal superhydrophobic coating has a good effect on anti-icing of wind turbine, but it will require more energy when used for ice melting after icing.

Key words： Wind turbine super-hydrophobic electric heating coating anti-icing numerical model manual test

收稿日期: 2022-09-19

PACS:

TM242

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51977016）和挪威研究理事会INPART（309241）资助项目

通讯作者: 胡琴男,1981年生,教授,博士生导师,主要从事电网防冰减灾方面的研究。E-mail：huqin@cqu.edu.cn

作者简介: 朱茂林男,1994年生,硕士研究生,研究方向风力发电机电热超疏水涂层制备及性能研究。E-mail：1584118777@qq.com

引用本文:

胡琴, 朱茂林, 舒立春, 蒋兴良, 徐兴. 风力机叶片防除冰涂层第二部分：温升数值计算及防除冰性能[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 221778-221778. Hu Qin, Zhu Maolin, Shu Lichun, Jiang Xingliang, Xu Xing. Anti-Deicing Coatings for Wind Turbine Blades Part 2: Numerical Calculation of Temperature Rise and Anti-Deicing Performance. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 221778-221778.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221778 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/221778

[1] 胡琴, 杨大川, 蒋兴良, 等. 叶片模拟冰对风力发电机功率特性影响的试验研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(22): 4807-4815.
Hu Qin, Yang Dachuan, Jiang Xingliang, et al.Experimental study on the effect of blade simulated icing on power characteristics of wind turbine[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(22): 4807-4815.
[2] 李程. 浅谈风电机组覆冰的影响及应对措施[J]. 科技创新导报, 2019, 16(15): 93-94.
[3] Barker A, Timco G, Gravesen H, et al.Ice loading on Danish wind turbines part 1: dynamic model tests[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2005, 41(1): 1-23.
[4] Gravesen H, Sørensen S L, Vølund P, et al.Ice loading on Danish wind turbines: part 2. Analyses of dynamic model test results[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2005, 41(1): 25-47.
[5] Lehtomäki V, Rissanen S, Wadham-Gagnon M, et al.Fatigue loads of iced turbines: two case studies[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2016, 158: 37-50.
[6] 李剑, 王湘雯, 黄正勇, 等. 超疏水绝缘涂层制备与防冰、防污研究现状[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(16): 61-75.
Li Jian, Wang Xiangwen, Huang Zhengyong, et al.Research of preparation, anti-icing and anti-pollution of super hydrophobic insulation coatings[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(16): 61-75.
[7] 徐兵兵, 黄月文, 王斌. 改性SiO₂/聚硅氧烷无氟超疏水涂层的制备及性能[J]. 精细化工, 2019, 36(10): 2009-2015.
Xu Bingbing, Huang Yuewen, Wang Bin.Preparaion and performance of fluorine-free superhydrophobic coatings based on modified silica and polysiloxane[J]. Fine Chemicals, 2019, 36(10): 2009-2015.
[8] Zhang Fan, Qian Hongchang, Wang Luntao, et al.Superhydrophobic carbon nanotubes/epoxy nanocomposite coating by facile one-step spraying[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2018, 341: 15-23.
[9] 张迅, 曾华荣, 田承越, 等. 大气压等离子体制备超疏水表面及其防冰抑霜研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(24): 5289-5296.
Zhang Xun, Zeng Huarong, Tian Chengyue, et al.Super-hydrophobic surface prepared by atmospheric-pressure plasma and its anti-icing, anti-frosting performance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(24): 5289-5296.
[10] Zhao Yushun, Li Jian, Hu Jianlin, et al.Icing performances of super-hydrophobic PDMS/Nano-silica hybrid coating on insulators[C]//2010 International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2010: 489-492.
[11] Mohseni M, Amirfazli A.A novel electro-thermal anti-icing system for fiber-reinforced polymer composite airfoils[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2013, 87: 47-58.
[12] 蒋兴良, 孟志高, 张志劲, 等. OPGW临界融冰电流及其影响因素[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(9): 174-180.
Jiang Xingliang, Meng Zhigao, Zhang Zhijin, et al.Critical ice-melting current of ice-covered OPGW and its impacting factors[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(9): 174-180.
[13] 舒立春, 谭进峰, 胡琴, 等. 网格尺寸对碳纤维丝束风力发电机叶片融冰效果的影响研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(13): 4008-4015.
Shu Lichun, Tan Jinfeng, Hu Qin, et al.Study on the effect of mesh size on carbon fiber tow wind turbine blade ice melting[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(13): 4008-4015.
[14] 舒立春, 梁健, 胡琴, 等. 旋转风力机的水滴撞击特性与雾凇模拟[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(4): 800-807.
Shu Lichun, Liang Jian, Hu Qin, et al.Droplet impingement characteristics and rime ice accretion of rotating wind turbine[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(4): 800-807.
[15] Mayer C, Ilinca A, Fortin G, et al.Wind tunnel study of electro-thermal de-icing of wind turbine blades[J]. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 2007, 17(3): 182-188.
[16] 邱刚, 舒立春, 胡琴, 等. 风力发电机叶片防冰的数值计算模型及现场试验研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(7): 2198-2204, 2235.
Qiu Gang, Shu Lichun, Hu Qin, et al.Numerical anti-icing model and field experimental investigation of wind turbine blade[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(7): 2198-2204, 2235.
[17] 倪爱清, 王延明, 王继辉, 等. 基于高分子电热膜的风电叶片电热除冰功率密度计算模型[J]. 玻璃钢/复合材料, 2015(9): 17-23.
Ni Aiqing, Wang Yanming, Wang Jihui, et al.Computational model of wind turbine blades de-icing power density based on polymer electric heating film[J]. Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites, 2015(9): 17-23.
[18] 黄亚飞, 蒋兴良, 任晓东, 等. 采用涡流自热环防止输电线路冰雪灾害的方法研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(10): 2169-2177.
Huang Yafei, Jiang Xingliang, Ren Xiaodong, et al.Study on preventing icing disasters of transmission lines by use of eddy self-heating ring[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(10): 2169-2177.
[19] 王经. 传热学与流体力学基础[M]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社, 2007.
[20] Voller V R, Prakash C.A fixed grid numerical modelling methodology for convection-diffusion mushy region phase-change problems[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1987, 30(8): 1709-1719.
[21] Voller V R, Swaminathan C R, Thomas B G.Fixed grid techniques for phase change problems: a review[J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 1990, 30(4): 875-898.
[22] 舒立春, 任晓凯, 胡琴, 等. 环境参数对小型风力发电机叶片覆冰特性及输出功率的影响[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(21): 5873-5878, 6031.
Shu Lichun, Ren Xiaokai, Hu Qin, et al.Influences of environmental parameters on icing characteristics and output power of small wind turbine[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(21): 5873-5878, 6031.
[23] IEEE Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society. IEEE guide for test methods and procedures to evaluate the electrical performance of insulators in freezing conditions: IEEE 1783—2009[S]. IEEE, 2009.