Abstract：A contactor is an electrical appliance that connects and disconnects circuits, widely used in power switching, motor control, rail transit, and new energy power generation. During the closing process, the contact bounce collision will produce arcs, and the high-frequency long-time bounce process will significantly shorten the electrical life of the contactor. It is feasible to use sensorless control to suppress contact bounce. The sensorless control technology of the constant air gap contactor is studied. Position sensorless control includes position prediction and dynamic control. The equivalent magnetic circuit method and parameter identification are used to realize position prediction. Based on position prediction, the simulation and experimental research of dynamic control are carried out. A position sensorless control method is proposed for the constant air gap contactors to reduce the contact bounce of the contactor. The position information is extracted from the permanent magnet flux linkage through the equivalent magnetic circuit method and parameter identification. Then the actuator is controlled according to the location information. The equivalent magnetic circuit model of the electromagnetic force driving actuator (EMFA) is established. The mapping relationship between dynamic flux linkage, displacement, and current is then deduced. The rationality of the mapping relationship is verified by the “fixed method” and “prediction method”. The displacement, voltage, and current are obtained through experiments, the flux linkage is calculated according to the experimental data, and the parameters of the displacement mapping are obtained by the multiple regression method. Afterward, the position prediction of the contactor is completed. The predicted displacement is compared with the measured displacement, verifying the accuracy of position prediction. Two surfaces of the driving force and flux linkage are established through the parameter scanning function of the finite element model. The modeling of the contactor is completed by interpolation, position prediction, and simulation without carrying out position control. Based on the simulation model, the calculated displacement is compared with the predicted displacement, and the accuracy of displacement prediction is verified. Based on the subsection PWM control strategy, the influence of duty cycle combinations on the dynamic characteristics of the contactor is analyzed. The simulation results show that the terminal speed of the contactor is reduced with the gradual reduction of the duty cycle combination. The experimental platform is built, including power module, chopper module, DSP module, contactor, sensor, and voltage divider module. In the experiment, the coil current, contact bounce, and contactor displacement under different duty cycle combinations are collected. The influence of the duty cycle combination on closing time and bouncing time is analyzed. With the decrease in duty cycle combination, the bouncing time decreases while the closing time increases gradually. The experimental results show that the new position sensorless control method is suitable for constant air gap contactors. The accuracy of the position prediction and the effectiveness of the control method are verified. Based on simulation and experiment, the following conclusions are drawn:(1) The equivalent magnetic circuit method and parameter identification can be used to predict the position of the constant air gap contactor. (2) The EMFA simulation model is established by the difference method, and the dynamic control can effectively reduce the terminal speed. (3) The experiment proves that the control method is suitable for the constant air gap contactor, and the bounce time can be reduced by 90% under subsection control.
王公润, 董恩源, 王永兴, 尹升, 吉盈东. 恒定气隙接触器无位置传感器控制与动态特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(18): 5049-5060.
Wang Gongrun, Dong Enyuan, Wang Yongxing, Yin Sheng, Ji Yingdong. Sensorless Control and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Constant Air Gap Contactors. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(18): 5049-5060.
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2023, Vol. 38 
