基于风速概率分布与风切变指数的直流输电线路离子流场数值模拟方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230332

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摘要

特高压直流（UHVDC）输电线路下方的离子流场是电磁环境重要评估指标之一。风速作为最常见也是影响最大的因素之一,有着明显的地域特点。为了避免资源浪费,在对地高度设计时,应考虑到不同地区的风速分布差异,而不是用过大裕度换取安全度。为此,该文提出一种基于风速概率分布与风切变指数的输电线路离子流场数值模拟方法。该方法通过待计算地区的风速数据构建Weibull风速概率分布函数模型,选择风速数据在95%以内的最大临界风速作为参考值,考虑风速传感器的安装高度,根据风切变指数计算场域不同高度处的风速分布,作为离子流场计算中不同高度节点的风速输入量。结果表明,引入风切变指数后的离子流密度与合成电场强度误差分别下降了16.3%和3.8%,明显优于传统固定风速模型。并以昆明地区某±800 kV直流输电线路为例,采用本方法进行了计算。该文提出的方法能够有针对性的考虑线路所处区域的风速影响,特别在高海拔高风速地区,给出在保证合成电场安全限值下的线路对地高度设计参考依据。

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关键词 ：特高压直流, 离子流场, Weibull分布, 风切变指数, 数值模拟

Abstract：

The ion flow field under ultra high voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission lines is one of the important evaluation indicators for electromagnetic environment. Wind speed, as one of the most common and influential factors, has obvious regional characteristics. At present, scholars often use constant wind speed to replace natural wind speed, which can easily lead to the following two problems. One is the waste of resources, as the local wind speed used in the calculation is not necessarily as high as possible. Every 1 m increase in the height of the line installation will significantly increase the total project cost. Secondly, it is inconsistent with the actual situation. Due to the relationship between wind speed and height, there is a gradient relationship on the near ground side. Therefore, the impact of wind speed changes in the vertical direction on the ion flow field should be considered.
In view of this, this paper proposes a numerical simulation method of transmission line ion flow field based on wind speed probability distribution and wind shear exponent. The calculation method is divided into two parts: wind speed calculation and ion flow field calculation. This method builds a Weibull wind speed probability distribution function model based on the wind speed data of the region to be calculated, and selects the critical wind speed with the max wind speed data within 95% as the reference value. It considers the installation height of the wind speed sensor, and calculates the wind speed distribution at different heights according to the wind shear exponent, as the wind speed input at different height nodes in the calculation of the ion flow field.
The accuracy of the calculation model after the introduction of wind shear exponent is verified through outdoor tests. The voltage level is ±800 kV, the conductor is 6-split, the radius of the sub conductor is 1.68 cm, the cross-sectional area of the sub conductor is 630 mm², the height of the conductor to the ground is 16.5 m, the pole spacing is 22 m, the altitude is about 2 000 m, and the weather is sunny. The wind speed measurement point is 1m above the ground, and the wind speed is maintained between 0.5~1 m/s. A total of 9 measurement points are arranged below the line. Due to the high altitude region, this article also corrected the parameters such as the corona field strength, ion mobility, and recombination coefficient. Compared with the traditional wind speed model, after the introduction of the wind shear exponent, the errors between the ion current density and the total electric field strength decreased by 16.3% and 3.8%, respectively. The results show that the method is more consistent with the actual distribution.
Taking the actual operating ±800 kV UHVDC transmission line in Kunming area as an example, this method was used for calculation. First, to calculate the wind speed. The parameters of Weibull probability density distribution function in Kunming area obtained by fitting are: α=3.5, β=3.172, δ=0. The critical maximum wind speed within the 95% wind speed range of the probability distribution curve is calculated to be 4.36 m/s. Combined with the height above the ground of the wind speed sensor, the wind shear exponent is used to calculate the wind speed at each node in the solution field as the input of the ion flow field calculation. At the same time, this paper also provides calculated values for different heights as a comparison. The results show that, under the condition that the total electric field strength meets the standard, the minimum height of the conductor could be 20m, which has a significant margin difference from the actual height of 27.5 m used in the actual line section.
In summary, the method proposed in this paper can specifically consider the impact of wind speed in the area where the line is located, provide a reference basis for the design of the line to ground height under the safety limit of the total electric field, especially in areas with high sea level and high wind speed.

Key words： UHVDC ion flow field Weibull distribution wind shear exponent numerical simulation

收稿日期: 2023-03-20

PACS:

TM723

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51977152）

通讯作者: 杜志叶男,1974年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为高压直流输电线路电磁环境、智能电气设备、电磁多物理场耦合计算技术等。E-mail：Duzhiye@126.com

作者简介: 岳国华男,1997年生,博士研究生,研究方向为高压直流输电线路的电磁环境。E-mail：yueguohua@whu.edu.cn

引用本文:

岳国华, 杜志叶, 蔡泓威, 修连成. 基于风速概率分布与风切变指数的直流输电线路离子流场数值模拟方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230332-230332. Yue Guohua, Du Zhiye, Cai Hongwei, Xiu Liancheng. Numerical Simulation Method of Ion Flow Field in HVDC Transmission Line Based on Wind Speed Probability Distribution and Wind Shear Exponent. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230332-230332.

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