基于记忆合金双程形状记忆效应的导线雾凇防冰方法及现场试验研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230049

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摘要

输电线路覆冰严重威胁电力系统安全运行,国内外对抑制导线覆冰的方法开展了大量研究。该文基于形状记忆合金在不同温度下保持不同形状的双程形状记忆效应,提出在导线表面布置形状记忆合金,利用其形状变化改变导线表面电场强度抑制导线覆冰的方法,实现输电线路不停电非人工干预式防冰。建立布置形状记忆合金导线的三维模型,并仿真分析其表面电场情况。结果表明,随着形状记忆合金形变量增大,导线表面电场强度逐渐增大。用两端向上弯曲的圆柱形铝条代替形状发生变化后的形状记合金,将其布置在LGJ-150/25导线表面,在重庆大学雪峰山能源装备安全国家野外科学观测研究站开展野外自然覆冰实验。实验结果表明,在导线表面布置代替形变后的记忆合金的铝条能够抑制导线的雾凇覆冰,且在导线初始表面电场强度为10 kV/cm时,效果最佳,覆冰质量和厚度分别降低了57.1%、48.7%。

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关键词 ：双程形状记忆效应, 电场强度, 非人工干预式, 防冰

Abstract：

Atmospheric icing of conductors poses a serious threat to the safe operation of power system. A large number of studies have been carried out to suppress conductor icing at home and abroad. The electric field has an impact on the conductor icing. When the electric field strength is large enough, the electric field can restrain the conductor icing. Based on the two-way shape memory effect that shape memory alloys maintain different shapes at different temperatures, this paper proposes an anti-icing method of wires without manual intervention. It arranges shape memory alloys on the surface of wires and use its deformation to change the electric field strength on the surface of wires to inhibit wire icing.
A three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy wire was established, and the surface electric field was simulated and analyzed. The results show that the electric field strength of the wires’ surface gradually increases with the growth of the shape memory alloy deformation.
In order to test and verify this anti-icing method, the field natural icing experiment of LGJ-150/25 conductors was carried out at Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station of Chongqing University. With two ends bent upward, cylindrical aluminum bars arranged on conductors’ surface were used to replace the shape memory alloy. The icing tests under natural conditions are extremely difficult to control. Even if facing the same test subject, the change in temperature, wind speed, liquid water content, and the median diameter of water droplets will affect the test results. In order to reduce the influence of changes in the natural environment, this paper uses the rotational cylinder reference method.
Through five sets of valid experimental data, the conclusion is as follows: (1) The shape of wire icing with four cylindrical aluminum bars under different initial electric fields is different. When the initial electric field strength is low, the ice-covered branches have long branches and clear gaps. When the field strength increases, the cuspid ion bombardment effect is strengthened, the electric suction changes, icing tip is rounded. (2) Shape memory alloys arranged on the wires’ surface effectively suppress fog freezing. With the initial electric field strength of the wire increases, cylindrical aluminum bars promote the fog freezing, then inhibit. Its suppression trend on icing gradually decreases. (3) There is a best electric field strength interval. As the shape of the aluminum strip is certain, interval is only related to the initial electric field strength of wires’ surface. For length of one meter LGJ-150/25 conductor, in an initial electric field strength of 10kV/cm, compared with no aluminum bars, the arrangement of four aluminum bars have a suppressed effect on fog freezing. Its quality and thickness of reduction percentage are 57.1%, 48.7% respectively.
Experiments have verified the effectiveness of the anti-icing method for fog freezing. Shape memory alloy with two-way shape memory effect can effectively inhibit the growth of wire icing by changing the electric field strength of the surface on the wire. It is a non-interventional anti-icing method for transmission lines, and proves patently feasible. Further research is needed on the material ratio, preparation method, and optimal size of the two-way shape memory alloy.

Key words： Two-way shape memory effect eletric field intensity no manual intervention anti-icing

收稿日期: 2023-01-12

PACS:

TM85

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金面上项目（52077018）和电网输变电设备防灾减灾国家重点实验室项目（SGHNFZ00SHJCJ2100063）资助

通讯作者: 杨国林男,1994年生,博士研究生,研究方向为输电线路导线覆冰。E-mail：824637130@qq.com

作者简介: 曾伟男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为输电线路导线覆冰。E-mail：202111131226@cqu.edu.cn

引用本文:

曾伟, 蒋兴良, 杨国林, 潘碧宸, 张志劲. 基于记忆合金双程形状记忆效应的导线雾凇防冰方法及现场试验研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230049-230049. Zeng Wei, Jiang Xingliang, Yang Guolin, Pan Bichen, Zhang Zhijin. Research on Anti-Icing Method for Fog Freezing and Field Test of Wires Based on Two-Way Shape Memory Effect of Memory Alloy. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230049-230049.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230049 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/230049

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