永磁同步电机双矢量固定开关频率模型预测控制研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221857

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摘要

为了解决传统的永磁同步电机双矢量模型预测电流控制中开关频率高、计算量大的问题,提出一种固定开关频率双矢量模型预测控制策略。利用传统的双矢量模型预测控制的参考电压矢量所在扇区的变化规律,通过构造新的电压矢量选择表,将电压矢量的选择范围从7个降为2个;同时提出一种基于d、q轴电压差的作用时间计算方法,以降低计算量和固定开关频率。最后,通过搭建仿真模型和永磁同步电机实验平台,对传统的双矢量模型预测电流控制策略和所提控制策略进行对比分析和验证,仿真和实验结果证明了文中所提控制策略相对传统的双矢量模型预测电流控制策略的优越性,验证了其可行性和正确性。

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关键词 ：永磁同步电机, 模型预测控制, 双矢量, 固定开关频率

Abstract：

In order to achieve high-performance speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the model predictive control strategy is usually adopted. The single-vector model predictive control only outputs one voltage vector in each control cycle, which leads to a high steady-state ripple. The dual-vector model predictive control is widely used in PMSM control. However, the switching frequency of the inverter using dual-vector model predictive control is high and unfixed, and needs a large amount of calculation, increasing the hardware requirements and costs. Therefore, this paper proposes a dual-vector model predictive control with fixed switching frequency for PMSM, which fixes the switching frequency, reduces the calculation amount, and is more beneficial to practical application.
The sector where the reference voltage vector is located in each control period always changes in a fixed mode, circulating from sector I to sector VI and only changing to the adjacent sectors or remaining the same in the next control cycle. Accordingly, an efficient voltage vector selection table is designed. Thus, the voltage vector will be only selected from the adjacent voltage vectors. In addition, to further reduce the calculation burden, the value function based on voltage difference is used to screen the voltage vector. The calculation scheme of voltage vector action time is given based on the voltage difference value function using the reservation error. The negative action time and the sum of action time exceeding the control cycle are avoided, and the stability of the control system is improved.
An experimental prototype based on dSPACE1104 is built to compare and study the control strategies mentioned in this paper. The experimental results show that in terms of static performance, compared with the traditional D-MPCC, the proposed FD-MPC has less torque ripple, better smoothness, and a lower harmonic rate of A-phase current, indicating that the FD-MPC can maintain good steady-state performance while reducing calculation amount and fixing switching frequency. Regarding dynamic performance, both strategies have good effects on adjusting speed after adding load. The A-phase current of both strategies can quickly track the torque change while maintaining a good sine degree. Regarding calculation amount, the calculation time of FD-MPC is significantly smaller than that of D-MPCC, which is beneficial to improve the practicability of the control system.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the experimental and simulation results: (1) Compared with the traditional D-MPCC, the proposed FD-MPC can effectively reduce the amount of calculation, simplify the control structure and enhance the robustness using the efficient voltage vector selection table and the value function based on voltage difference to filter the voltage vector. (2) The voltage vector action time calculation method based on the voltage difference value function is further proposed. The reservation error is used to avoid the negative action time, and the sum of action time is greater than the control period. The proposed FD-MPC has better steady-state and dynamic performance than the traditional D-MPCC.

Key words： Permanent magnet synchronous motor model predictive control dual-vector fixed switching frequency

收稿日期: 2022-09-30

PACS:

TM351

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51777216）

通讯作者: 陈荣男,1978年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为电机智能控制和特种电机驱动。E-mail: gengqiang@tju.edu.cn

作者简介: 翟凯淼男,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电机系统及其控制。E-mail: zhaikaimiao@163.com

引用本文:

陈荣, 翟凯淼, 舒胡平. 永磁同步电机双矢量固定开关频率模型预测控制研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230626-230626. Chen Rong, Zhai Kaimiao, Shu Huping. Predictive Control of Dual Vector Fixed Switching Frequency Model for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230626-230626.

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