基于分布磁路法的非晶合金高速磁浮直线电机悬浮力计算

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221852

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摘要

非晶合金作为一种低损耗铁心材料,在高速电机中具有较好应用前景。为探明非晶合金在高速磁浮直线电机中应用的可行性,该文针对常导型高速磁浮直线电机,采用改进的分布磁路法分别计算硅钢和非晶合金作为长定子铁心材料时的气隙磁通密度,并结合虚位移法对比计算两种材料下的静态悬浮力。首先,针对高速磁浮直线电机长定子与动子极距不等、动子极面直线发电机齿槽以及动子轭部不连续等特殊结构,对分布磁路法加以改进,分段表征磁导率并分段计算磁压降,进而计算得到硅钢、非晶长定子在不同励磁电流下精确的气隙磁通密度;在此基础上,采用虚位移法,对比计算基于两种长定子铁心材料下直线电机静态悬浮力,并进行有限元验证;最后,实测两种材料长定子直线电机的静态悬浮力,均能满足高速磁浮列车悬浮要求,进一步验证了解析计算结果的准确性,以及非晶合金长定子磁浮直线电机的合理性。

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关键词 ：高速磁浮直线电机, 非晶合金, 分布磁路法, 悬浮力

Abstract：

As a low-loss core magnetic conductive material, amorphous alloy can replace silicon steel as the ferromagnetic material of motor to greatly reduce the iron loss of high-speed maglev linear motor. In order to prove the feasibility of the application of amorphous alloy in high-speed magnetic levitation linear motor, the improved distributed magnetic circuit method was used to calculate the air gap magnetic density of silicon steel and amorphous alloy long stator linear motor, and the virtual displacement method was adopted to calculate the static levitation force of the two materials.
Firstly, the high-speed maglev linear motor has some uniquestructures, such as unequal pole distance between the long stator and mover, cogging on the polar surface of the mover, and discontinuity of the mover yoke. For this structure, the magnetic permeability was characterized in sections, the magnetic pressure drop was calculated in segments, and the distributed magnetic circuit method was improved. Then the accurate air gap magnetic density of silicon steel and amorphous long stator under different excitation currents was calculated. On this basis, the virtual displacement method was used to calculate the suspension force of a linear motor with a long stator made of two materials, and finite element verification was carried out. Finally, the static levitation force of this linear motor was measured, and both can meet the levitation requirements of high-speed maglev trains. The accuracy of the analytical results and the rationality of the amorphous alloy long-stator maglev linear motor were further verified.
The results of the air gap flux density of the linear motor show that the improved distributed magnetic circuit method is more accurate than the original method becausethe generator cogging and mover joke's discontinuity are considered. Accordingly, the analytical calculation results of the levitation force of the silicon steel and amorphous alloy long stator linear motor show that: (1) The static levitation force of the amorphous long-stator linear motor is slightly lower than that of the silicon steel long-stator linear motor under the same excitation current; (2) The levitation force of a linear motor with a long stator made of two materials increases with the increase of excitation current, and the saturation trend of amorphous materials changes slightly faster than that of silicon steel. When the excitation current is rated at 25 A, the long stator made of two materials can meet the requirement of 40 kN suspension force of the train. When the current exceeds 30 A, the linear motors of both materials enter the saturation zone. When it reaches 45 A, the static suspension force must be no less than 90 kN to ensure the stable suspension of the train under fault. In this case, the long stator linear motor made of two materials also meets the requirements. The simulation and experimental results of the levitation force show that the improved distributed magnetic circuit method has a high accuracy in calculating the static levitation force of the linear motor.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of calculation results: (1) The air gap flux density waveform of the high-speed maglev linear motor obtained by the improved distributed magnetic circuit method agrees with the finite element simulation results. (2) The levitation force level of an amorphous alloy long stator is slightly lower than that of a silicon steel long stator. However, from the perspective of application requirements, the suspension force of amorphous alloy as long stator core material still meets the requirements of the high-speed maglev linear motor. The feasibility of using amorphous alloy instead of silicon steel as the long stator core material of linear motor in terms of static levitation force of the linear motor is verified.

Key words： High-speed maglev linear motor amorphous alloy distributed magnetic circuit method levitation force

收稿日期: 2022-09-30

PACS:

TM359.4

基金资助:

青岛市科技计划重点研发专项资助（21-1-2-9-cl）

通讯作者: 郑晓钦女,1985年生,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为多相电机及其系统的分析与控制。E-mail: zhengxiaoqin619@sina.com

作者简介: 包木建男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为高速磁浮直线电机稳态性能分析。E-mail: baomujian@163.com

引用本文:

包木建, 孙玉玺, 陈春涛, 郑晓钦. 基于分布磁路法的非晶合金高速磁浮直线电机悬浮力计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230624-230624. Bao Mujian, Sun Yuxi, Chen Chuntao, Zheng Xiaoqin. Calculation of Suspension Force of Amorphous Alloy High-Speed Maglev Linear Motor Based on Distributed Magnetic Circuit Method. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230624-230624.

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