变频驱动下双斜槽转子感应电机径向电磁力特性分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.220663

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摘要

针对变频驱动下双斜槽转子感应电机振动性能研究的不足,对变频驱动下双斜槽转子感应电机的径向电磁力展开研究。首先从变频器的输出谐波特性出发,采用解析法分析了气隙磁通密度成分,并通过分析各个磁通密度谐波的相互作用得到了径向电磁力的幅值、阶次、频率的表达式。然后采用分层有限元法结合二维快速傅里叶分解,得到了平均径向电磁力的时空分布频谱。通过不同供电方式与不同转子结构下气隙径向电磁力的对比,发现双斜槽转子结构能够有效地削弱由变频供电引入的部分高频附加径向电磁力。最后通过实验对比不同供电方式下电动叉车用双斜槽转子感应电机机壳表面的振动频谱,验证分析的正确性。

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	鲍晓华
	明帅
	陈国玮
	刘佶炜

关键词 ：感应电机, 双斜槽转子, 径向电磁力, 电磁振动

Abstract：

Inverter power supply is a common method for new energy drive motors, greatly broadening the operating range of induction motors. However, the output voltage of the inverter contains a large number of harmonic components, which will deteriorate the vibration and noise performance of the motor. There have been many related types of research on the vibration and noise of permanent magnet motors and traditional induction motors under the inverter power supply. However, more research must be done on the vibration and noise of double-skewed rotor induction motors (DSRIM) under the inverter power supply. Therefore, this paper has carried out a detailed study on the radial electromagnetic force of the DSRIM driven by an inverter.
Firstly, based on the output harmonic characteristics of the inverter, the air-gap flux density component of the induction motor is analyzed by analytical method, and the expressions of the amplitude, order, and frequency of the radial electromagnetic force are obtained by analyzing the interaction of each flux density harmonic. Then the time-space distribution spectrum of the average radial electromagnetic force is obtained using the multi-slice finite element method and 2-D fast Fourier decomposition. Compared with air gap radial electromagnetic force under different power supply modes and rotor structures, the DSRIM can effectively weaken some of the additional high-frequency radial electromagnetic force introduced by the inverter power supply. Finally, the correctness of the analysis is verified by the vibration experiment of the prototype.
The simulation results of the radial electromagnetic force of the motor under the inverter power supply show that the inverter power supply will not change the spatial order of the radial electromagnetic force. However, it will introduce new frequency force waves mainly concentrated in 3 000~7 000 Hz. The additional radial electromagnetic force wave introduced by the interaction with the additional rotor permeance harmonic and the radial electromagnetic force wave generated by the interaction between the rotor harmonic and the additional stator harmonic can be significantly weakened. The weakening of the radial electromagnetic force wave with the largest amplitude is also the most obvious, decreasing from 1 156 Pa to 60 Pa, decreasing by 1 096 Pa. The experimental results of the prototype show that the motor has significant vibration acceleration at the frequencies of 4 300 Hz, 4 500 Hz, 4 700 Hz, 4 900 Hz, 5 100 Hz, 5 300 Hz, and 5 500 Hz under the inverter power supply, but when the frequency is lower than 4 300 Hz, due to the harmonic weakening effect of the DSRIM, the vibration acceleration spectrum of the DSRIM under different power supply modes is the same.
The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Inverter power supply will not change the spatial order of radial electromagnetic force but will introduce new high-frequency radial electromagnetic force. (2) The structure of DSRIM does not weaken the radial electromagnetic force generated by the interaction of the main and additional main wave magnetic fields. Moreover, the radial electromagnetic force generated by the interaction of the additional main wave and the saturated harmonic magnetic field will not be weakened. Therefore, there is a large radial electromagnetic force near the switching frequency, which increases the vibration amplitude of the motor at this frequency point. (3) The DSRIM can effectively weaken the radial electromagnetic force generated by the interaction with the additional rotor permeance harmonics introduced by the inverter and the radial electromagnetic force generated by the interaction between the rotor slot harmonics and the additional stator harmonics. Therefore, the vibration characteristics of the motor casing at a place far away from the switching frequency are the same as those of the casing under a sinusoidal power supply.
This paper lays a foundation for further research on noise and fault diagnosis technology of DSRIM driven by an inverter.

Key words： Induction motor double skewed rotor radial electromagnetic force electromagnetic vibration

收稿日期: 2022-04-25

PACS:

TM346+.2

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51977055）、安徽省科技重大专项（201903a05020042）和合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院2019年度智能网联及新能源汽车技术科技成果转化及产业化专项资金（IMIWL2019001）资助项目

通讯作者: 鲍晓华男,1972年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电机设计理论和技术、电机电磁场理论分析及计算、大型电机及高速电机的可靠性技术。E-mail: sukz@ustc.edu

作者简介: 明帅男,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电机振动噪声的分析和控制。E-mail: 2020110345@mail.hfut.edu.cn

引用本文:

鲍晓华, 明帅, 陈国玮, 刘佶炜. 变频驱动下双斜槽转子感应电机径向电磁力特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230604-230604. Bao Xiaohua, Ming Shuai, Chen Guowei, Liu Jiwei. Analysis of Radial Electromagnetic Force Characteristics of Inverter Drive Double Skewed Rotor Induction Motor. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230604-230604.

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