电工技术学报
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身管外壳对电磁轨道发射装置发射性能影响分析
翟小飞1, 邹锟1,2, 李配飞1, 刘华1, 彭之然1
1.海军工程大学 舰船综合电力技术国防科技重点实验室 武汉 430033;
2.东南大学 电气工程学院 南京 210096
Analyzing Influence of Barrel Shell on Launching Performance of Electromagnetic Rail Launcher
Zhai Xiaofei1, Zou Kun1,2, Li Peifei1, Peng Zhiran1, LiuHua1
1. National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vessel Integrated Power System Naval University of Engineering Wuhan 430033 China;
2. School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
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摘要 电枢在发射过程中,瞬时变化的导轨电流会在金属身管外壳上感应出巨大的涡流,身管涡流会产生额外的损耗,同时外壳涡流的去磁效应会改变电枢、导轨等器部件的应力分布从而影响装置发射性能。建立了电磁轨道发射装置的数学模型,并针对整体式、上下分断式以及叠压式的三种外壳结构有限元模型进行了电磁场—结构场联合仿真,获得了发射装置电磁参数和各部件应力分布。有限元电磁仿真结果表明:叠压式外壳结构外壳涡流最小、电感梯度最大、器部件应力最大,整体式外壳结构外壳涡流最大、电感梯度最小、器部件应力最小。全系统电气仿真和对比实验证明,在满足外壳支持强度和装置各部件应力条件下,选用高磁导率、低电导率的材料并设计抑制涡流的身管外壳结构,有利于提高发射装置电枢出口速度和系统效率,从而获得优良的发射性能。
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翟小飞
邹锟
李配飞
刘华
彭之然
关键词 电磁轨道发射装置外壳结构发射性能电密分布应力分布    
Abstract:As part of the electromagnetic launcher (EML), the barrel shell mainly provides preloading force for the rails to constrain the expansion and deformation of the EML, and at the same time provides support stiffness for the rail to ensure the straightness of the EML. During the launch process of the armature, the instantaneous change of rail current will induce a huge eddy current on the metal barrel shell of the EML, and the eddy current magnetic field of the shell has a certain weakening effect on the magnetic field inside the device, and will also affect the current distribution of the rails, thereby affecting the electrical features and mechanical properties of the EML, affecting the launching performance such as the exit speed of the armature. Since the shell structure and material will affect the shell eddy current, it is necessary to analyze the influence of the shell material and structure on the electromagnetic parameters of the EML and the force of the armature and rails, so as to obtain the influence law of the shell on the launching performance.
Firstly, the magnetic field control equation considering the eddy current of the shell is established, and the finite element model (FEM) of three shell structures is established: the integral structure shell, the upper-lower separated structure shell and the laminated structure shell. After the speed frequency is introduced, the frequency changed current excitation is used to simulate the velocity skin effect caused by the launching of the armature in the bore, so as to obtain the inductance gradient and shell loss with frequency change curve, as well as the electric density distribution of the rails and the eddy current distribution cloud in the shell. Secondly, the simulation of electromagnetic-structural is carried out, and the stress distribution of each component of the EML is obtained. The system electrical simulation is established, and the launching simulation results of the three shell structures are compared. The results of the electromagnetic-structural simulation and system launching simulation show that the laminated structure shell has the smallest eddy current, the largest inductance gradient, the largest stress of the device components, and the highest armature exit speed, while the integral structure shell has the largest eddy current, the largest shell loss, the smallest inductance gradient, the smallest stress of the device components, and the lowest armature exit speed. Finally, the simulation and test results of the laminated structure shell EML are compared, and the error of both the armature exit speed and the current peak is less than 1%.
Under the condition of satisfying the support strength of the EML, the selection of materials with high permeability and low conductivity and the design of the shell structure that suppresses eddy currents are conducive to improving the exit speed and system efficiency of the EML. In addition, reducing the eddy current of the shell is conducive to increasing the electromagnetic thrust of the armature, but it will also increase the external expansion force of the rails, which requires increasing the structural strength of the shell to provide higher preloading force, therefore, the structural design and material selection of the shell should take into account both electromagnetic properties and mechanical properties to obtain excellent launching performance.
Key wordsElectromagnetic rail launcher (EML)    barrel structure    launching performance    current density distribution    stress distribution   
    
PACS: TM153+.2  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(92266104); 卓越青年科学基金2021-JCJQ-ZQ-004; 173计划重点项目(2022-JCJQ-ZD-128-11)
通讯作者: 李配飞 男,1989年生,博士,助理研究员,研究方向电磁发射技术。Email: peifeilee@163.com   
作者简介: 翟小飞 男,1982年生,博士,副研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为电磁发射技术。Email: smartnavy@126.com;邹 锟 男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电磁发射技术。Email: zoukun8@163.com
引用本文:   
翟小飞, 邹锟, 李配飞, 刘华, 彭之然. 身管外壳对电磁轨道发射装置发射性能影响分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 115-115. Zhai Xiaofei, Zou Kun, Li Peifei, Peng Zhiran, LiuHua. Analyzing Influence of Barrel Shell on Launching Performance of Electromagnetic Rail Launcher. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 115-115.
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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.222015          https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/115