激光触发真空开关导通电感测量及特性研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.220914

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摘要

激光触发真空开关（Laser Triggered Vacuum Switch, LTVS）导通时开关本身电感参数及电弧的电感参数是影响开关导通时延、精度以及可靠性的影响因素。本文提出了一种改进的RLC振荡电路测量LTVS导通时电感的方法,该方法消除回路阻抗对测量的影响,并且减少了燃弧过程中电弧状态改变对测量的产生的误差。并搭建了LTVS导通实验平台,获得了不同工作电压、激光能量下LTVS导通的电感参数。实验结果表明：LTVS导通时,在前2个电流衰减周期内电感保持稳定,然后降低40-100nH;LTVS的电感参数随着工作电压升高而变大,当工作电压从1.6kV增加到3.0kV,LTVS的电感值从240nH增长到400nH;改变LTVS的触发激光能量对电感参数影响并不明显;本文的研究工作为设计低电感LTVS和放电过程中等离子体通道变化提供了一定的参考价值。

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关键词 ：激光触发真空开关, 工作电压, 激光能量, 电感

Abstract：

Laser Triggered Vacuum Switch (LTVS) is a pulse power switch. As the core structure of pulse power system, LTVS has important advantages of high accuracy, reliability and short delay. LTVS has a promising future in pulse power systems. Reducing LTVS on-inductance can effectively improve the current rise rate and the working performance. LTVS on-inductance is closely related with LTVS structures and plasma properties. LTVS on-inductance can be reduced by optimizing switch structure, electrode structure and trigger condition. Therefore, it has become an important research direction that how to reduce and measure the inductance of LTVS and found the development of discharge channel.
In this paper, an improved RLC oscillation circuit is proposed to measure LTVS on-inductance. This method by using proper line impedance and the voltage of LTVS eliminates the influence of circuit impedance on the measurement and reduces the error caused by arc during the discharge process. The experiment platform of LTVS conduction was built. The current and voltage waveforms were obtained under different operating voltage and laser energy through experiment. LTVS on-inductance was calculated based on theoretical analysis and experimental data. Experimental results show that the operating voltage increases from 1.6kV to 3.0kV, LTVS on-inductance increases from 240nH to 400nH in the first two cycles. LTVS on-inductance is 40nH-100nH in the third cycle, which is less than that in the first two cycles. Additionally, the laser energy has little influence on the arc during LTVS discharge process. When LTVS is closed, there is a balance between the force from arc shrinkage and particle diffusion during the first two decay cycles. The force of particle diffusion is stronger than that of arc shrinkage due to insufficient energy input, resulting that a decrease in LTVS on-inductance. With the increase of operating voltage, the arc shrinkage caused by self-generated magnetic becomes stronger. Hence, LTVS on-inductance increases. The laser trigger energy can affect the trigger delay time of LTVS, while arc shape is determined by the operating voltage. So, the laser energy is not a strong variable in LTVS on-inductance
According to the theoretical analysis, the smaller the gap distance, the smaller LTVS on-inductance. Therefore, LTVS with a smaller gap distance has a smaller on-inductance based on fulfilling the performance restriction. And reducing the electrode distance and magnetic control can effectively reduce LTVS on-inductance. Different types of electrodes can produce different shape of arc. Therefore, it is possible to explore how to reduce LTVS on-inductance by optimizing the electrode. The development characteristics and diffusion mechanism of LTVS discharge channel are not clear enough. The adjustment measures of vacuum arc and the improvement methods of reduce LTVS on-inductance are still insufficient. Therefore, we can explore more simulation analysis of dynamic arc or more experiment to studying and exploring the development and application of low-inductance LTVS. Reducing the LTVS on-inductance to meet the requirements of pulse power system for high-power and high-performance LTVS. The research work in this paper provides a certain reference value for the design of low inductance LTVS and the development of discharge channel.

Key words： laser triggered vacuum switch operating voltage laser energy inductance

PACS:

TM835

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金项目（51777025,52177131）、武汉强磁场学科交叉基金项目（WHMFC202130）资助

通讯作者: 廖敏夫男,1975年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为高压电器、高电压新技术和脉冲功率技术。E-mail：lmf@dlut.edu.cn

作者简介: 欧健男,1996 年生,硕士,研究方向为脉冲功率技术。E-mail：1144140646@qq.com

引用本文:

欧健, 廖敏夫, 卢刚, 张运良, 韩小涛. 激光触发真空开关导通电感测量及特性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 25-25. Ou Jian, Liao Minfu, Lu Gang, Zhang Yunliang, Han Xiaotao. Measurement and Characteristic Research of Laser Triggered Vacuum Switch On-Inductance. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 25-25.

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