不均匀气隙表贴式永磁同步电机磁场解析计算

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.210299

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摘要工业机器人与数控机床用永磁同步电机设计过程中为追求反电动势的正弦性和低转矩脉动,常采用面包型或偏心削极的不均匀气隙结构,该文基于微分原理对不均匀气隙结构转子磁极进行径向等极弧分段,在二维极坐标下将电机结构划分为永磁体、气隙、槽开口和定子槽四个精确子域的解析模型,并建立泊松方程和拉普拉斯方程,通过分离变量法与傅里叶级数法求解偏微分方程,通过边界条件对各子域谐波系数求解以得到各分段磁极磁场分布,然后基于积分原理对其等效叠加得到电机二维磁场分布结果。该解析方法同时考虑到瓦片型、偏心式与面包型磁极转子结构,可以计算任意单元数电机的空载、电枢及负载的磁场特性,并在此基础上计算转矩和空载反电动势特性。通过样机测试结果和有限元仿真结果与解析结果进行比较,验证解析方法的准确性,能够快速指导电机设计。

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	赵士豪
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关键词 ：永磁同步电机, 子域解析法, 不均匀气隙, 等极弧分段, 磁场性能

Abstract：In order to achieve sinusoidal back EMF and low torque ripple in the design process of permanent magnet motor for industrial robot and numerical control machine, the uneven air gap structure of bread-shaped or eccentric pole cutting is often used. Based on the differential principle, the rotor pole of the non-uniform air gap structure was divided into four subdomains: permanent magnet, air gap, slot opening and stator slot, and the Poisson equation and Laplace equation were established. The partial differential equation was solved by the variable separation method and the Fourier series method. The harmonic coefficients of each subdomain were solved by the boundary conditions to obtain the magnetic field distribution of each segmented pole, and then the two-dimensional magnetic field distribution of the electric machine was obtained by the equivalent superposition based on the integral principle. The analytical method also takes into account the pole rotor structure of tile type, eccentric type and bread type, and can calculate the no-load, armature and load magnetic field characteristics of the motor with any number of units. Accordingly, the torque and no-load back EMF characteristics can be calculated. The analytical method is verified by the comparison of the prototype test results, the finite element simulation results and the analytical results, which can quickly guide the motor design.

Key words： Permanent magnet synchronous motor subdomain analysis method uneven air gap isopolar arc segmentation magnetic field performance

收稿日期: 2021-03-11

PACS:

TM315

基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金（51807194）和宁波市科技创新2025重大专项（2019B10077, 2021Z125, 2018B10026）资助项目

通讯作者: 陈进华男,1985年生,博士,正高级工程师,博士生导师,研究方向为特种永磁电机及其控制。E-mail: chenjinhua@nimte.ac.cn

作者简介: 赵士豪男,1996年生,硕士,研究方向为多相永磁电机设计与分析。E-mail: zhaoshihao@nimte.ac.cn

引用本文:

赵士豪, 陈进华, 张驰, 李争, 孟玉龙. 不均匀气隙表贴式永磁同步电机磁场解析计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(14): 3502-3513. Zhao Shihao, Chen Jinhua, Zhang Chi, Li Zheng, Meng Yulong. Analytical Calculation of Magnetic Field of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Uneven Air Gap Structure. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(14): 3502-3513.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.210299 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2022/V37/I14/3502

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