A Control Strategy for Islanded Photovoltaic-Battery-Diesel Microgrid Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator
Shi Rongliang1, Zhang Xing1, Xu Haizhen1, Hu Chao1, Yu Yong2
1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China; 2. Sungrow Power Supply Co. Ltd Hefei 230088 China
Abstract:This paper investigates a control strategy for islanded microgrid, including renewable energy, diesel generator set (DGS) and battery energy storage system based on virtual synchronous generator (VSG). Firstly, the DGS equivalent mathematical model is built to illustrate the step response characteristics of the DGS output voltage and rotating speed in a synchronous rotating reference frame. Besides, an improved VSG strategy adapted to the hierarchical coordinated control of islanded microgrid, which takes into full consideration the control characteristics of both the DGS and the VSG, is proposed. Furthermore, a virtual impedance control loop is added to the basic VSG controller to compensate for the system distorted voltage flexibly. Finally, the proposed strategy is demonstrated in detail and validated with a islanded mircogrid consisting of two 100 kV·A VSGs and a 440 kW DGS under various conditions.
石荣亮, 张兴, 徐海珍, 胡超, 余勇. 光储柴独立微电网中的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(23): 127-139.
Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Xu Haizhen, Hu Chao, Yu Yong. A Control Strategy for Islanded Photovoltaic-Battery-Diesel Microgrid Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(23): 127-139.
[1] Lasseter R H. Microgrids and distributed generation[J]. Journal of Energy Engineering, 2007, 133(3): 144-149. [2] 杨新法, 苏剑, 吕志鹏, 等.微电网技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(1): 57-70. Yang Xinfa, Su Jian, Lü Zhipeng, et al. Overview on microgrid technology[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE, 2014, 34(1): 57-70. [3] 张忠, 黄建学, 曹晓宇. 基于负荷分类调度的孤岛型微网能量管理方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015, 39(15): 17-23. Zhang Zhong, Huang Jianxue, Cao Xiaoyu. An energy management method of island microgrid based on load classification and scheduling[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(15): 17-23. [4] 石荣亮, 张兴, 徐海珍, 等. 基于虚拟同步发电机的多能互补孤立型微网运行控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, doi:10.7500/AEPS20151015005"> doi:10.7500/AEPS20151015005. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Xu Haizhen, et al. Control strategies of multi-energy complementary isolated micro-grid operation based on virtual synchronous generator[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, doi:10.7500/AEPS20151015005"> doi:10.7500/AEPS20151015005. [5] Fakham H, Di L, Francois B. Power control design of a battery charger in hybrid active PV generator for load-following applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(1): 85-94. [6] Ram Niwas, Bhim Singh. Solid-state control for reactive power compensation and power quality improvement of wound field synchronous generator-based diesel generator sets[J]. IET Electric Power Applications, 2015, 9(6): 397-404. [7] Cirrincione M, Pucci M, Vitale G. A single-phase DG generation unit with shunt active power filter capability by adaptive neural filtering[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2008, 55(5): 2093-2110. [8] 徐柏榆, 朱晋, 马明, 等. 负载侧电压无功就地统一补偿装置配置方案性能分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(2): 302-308. Xu Baiyu, Zhu Jin, Ma Ming, et al. Performance analysis of voltage and reactive power unified compensation device load-side configuration program[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(2): 302-308. [9] Marei M I, Abdel-Galil T K, El-Saadany E F, et al. Hilbert transform based control algorithm of the DG interface for voltage flicker mitigation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2005, 20(2): 1129-1133. [10] 李伟, 吴凤江, 段建东, 等. 储能型功率补偿系统的无功功率与动态有功功率解耦控制[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(7): 2165-2172. Li Wei, Wu Fengjiang, Duan Jiandong, et al. Decouple control strategy of dynamic active power and reactive power for storage energy-type power compensation system[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(7): 2165-2172. [11] 郭力, 富晓鹏, 李霞林, 等. 独立交流微网中电池储能与柴油发电机的协调控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(25): 70-78. Guo Li, Fu Xiaopeng, Li Xialin, et al. Coordinated control of battery storage and diesel generators in isolated AC microgrid systems[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE, 2012, 32(25): 70-78. [12] Juan C V, Guerrero J M. Adaptive droop control applied to voltage-source inverters operating in grid-connected and islanded modes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2009, 56(10): 4088-4096. [13] Matas J, Castilla M, Miret J. Virtual impedance loop for droop-controlled single-phase parallel inverters using a second-order general-integrator scheme[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2010, 25(12): 2993-3002. [14] 张兴, 朱德斌, 徐海珍. 分布式发电中的虚拟同步发电机技术[J]. 电源学报, 2012(41): 1-6. Zhang Xing, Zhu Debin, Xu Haizhen. Review of virtual synchronous generator technology in distributed generation[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2012(41): 1-6. [15] Zhong Qingchang, Weiss G. Synchronverters: inverters that mimic synchronous generators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(4): 1259-1267. [16] 石荣亮, 张兴, 徐海珍, 等. 基于虚拟同步发电机的微网运行模式无缝切换控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2016, 40(10): 16-23. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Xu Haizhen, et al. Seamless switching control strategy for microgrid operation modes based on virtual synchronous generator[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(10): 16-23. [17] Miguel A, Torres L, Luiz A, et al. Self-tuning virtual synchronous machines: a control strategy for energy storage systems to support dynamic frequency control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2014, 29(4): 833-840. [18] Alipoor J, Miura Y, Ise T. Power system stabilization using virtual synchronous generator with adoptive moment of inertia[J]. IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2014, 3(2): 451-458. [19] 程冲, 杨欢, 曾正, 等. 虚拟同步发电机的转子惯量自适应控制方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015, 39(19): 82-89. Cheng Chong, Yang Huan, Zeng Zheng, et al. Rotor inertia adaptive control method of VSG[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(19): 82-89. [20] 石荣亮, 张兴, 刘芳, 等. 提高光储柴独立微网频率稳定性的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, doi:10.7500/AEPS20160322016"> doi:10.7500/AEPS20160322016. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Liu Fang, et al. Control strategy of virtual synchronous generator for improving frequency stability of islanded photovoltaic-battery- diesel microgrid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, doi:10.7500/AEPS20160322016"> doi:10.7500/AEPS20160322016. [21] 李涵, 王毅, 张丽荣, 等. 孤岛模式下的微电网频率的协调控制研究[J]. 电力科学与工程, 2012, 28(12): 56-62. Li Han, Wang Yi, Zhang Lirong, et al. Frequency coordination control strategy for mircogrid in islanded operation[J]. Electric Power Science and Engineering, 2012, 28(12): 56-62. [22] 石荣亮, 张兴, 刘芳, 等. 不平衡和非线性混合负载下的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(22): 6086-6095. Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Liu Fang, et al. A control strategy for unbalanced and nonlinear mixed loads of virtual synchronous generators[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(22): 6086-6095. [23] Shi Rongliang, Zhang Xing, Xu Haizhen, et al. Research on the synchronization control strategy for microgrid inverter[C]//Proceeding of International Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition, Shanghai, China, 2014: 210-213. [24] 马艺玮, 杨苹, 陈思哲, 等. 含柴油发电机和蓄电池储能的独立微电网频率分层控制[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2015, 32(8): 1098-1105. Ma Yiwei, Yang Ping, Chen Sizhe, et al. Frequency hierarchical control for islanded micro-grid consisting of diesel generator and battery energy storage system[J]. Control Theory & Application, 2015, 32(8): 1098-1105. [25] He Jinwei, Li Yunwei, Munir M S. A flexible harmonic control approach through voltage-controlled DG-grid interfacing converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2012, 59(1): 444-454. [26] Jacobsen E, Lyons R. The sliding SDFT[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2003, 20(2): 74-80.