Abstract：It is of great importance in studying new methods to accurately detect the concentration of furfural dissolved in transformer oil for assessing the aging degradation of insulating paper. As an effective means for detecting trace liquid, laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) has already been applied in many fields. The simulation model of furfural molecule, which was used to analyze the Raman vibration characteristics of furfural molecule, was built by Gaussian 09W software. And the feasibility of detecting furfural molecules by LRS was verified in theory. Based on Raman spectroscopy technology, LRS liquid detection test platform was built in the laboratory. Utilizing extraction technique, the Raman spectroscopy detection characteristics of the furfural dissolved in oil were studied on this platform. The quantitative analysis method was then built based on the characteristic spectra and the least squares method. At last, transformer oil samples with different furfural concentrations were detected by LRS test platform. The test results were compared with those measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It is shown that LRS with extraction can quantitatively analyze the trace furfural dissolved in transformer oil effectively, which proposes a new way to fast detect furfural concentration in transformer oil.
[1] 林燕桢, 蔡金锭. 回复电压极化谱特征量与油纸绝缘变压器微水含量关系分析[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2014, 42(5): 148-153. Lin Yanzhen, Cai Jinding. Analysis of the relationship between the characteristics of the return voltage polarization spectrum and micro water content of oil-paper insulation transformer[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(5): 148-153. [2] 王昌长, 李福, 高胜友. 电力设备的在线监测与故障诊断[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2006. [3] Morais R M, Mannheimer W A, Carballeira M, et al. Furfural analysis for assessing degradation of thermally upgraded papers in transformer insula- tion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Elec- trical Insulation, 1999, 6(2): 159-163. [4] 杨丽君, 廖瑞金, 孙会刚, 等. 变压器油纸绝缘热老化特性及特征量研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2009, 24(8): 27-33. Yang Lijun, Liao Ruijin, Sun Huigang, et al. Investigation on properties and characteristics of oil-paper insulation in transformer during thermal degradation process[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2009, 24(8): 27-33. [5] 刘捷丰, 廖瑞金, 吕彦冬, 等. 电力变压器油纸绝缘含水量定量评估的时域介电特征量[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(2): 196-203. Liu Jiefeng, Liao Ruijin, Lü Yandong, et al. Time domain dielectric characteristics for quantitative assessment of moisture content in transformer oil- paper insulation[J]. Transactions of China Electro- technical Society, 2015, 30(2): 196-203. [6] 高竣, 王有元, 齐超亮, 等. 温度改变方式对应用频域介电谱法评估油纸绝缘状态的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(24): 255-261. Gao Jun, Wang Youyuan, Qi Chaoliang, et al. Effect of temperature change mode on condition assessment of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectroscopy method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(24): 255- 261. [7] 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会. DL/T 984—2005 油浸式变压器绝缘老化判断导则[S]. 2005. [8] Jobstl D, Husoy T, Alexander J, et al. Analysis of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furoic acid (HMFA) the main metabolite of alimentary 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) with HPLC and GC in urine[J]. Food Chemistry, 2010, 12(3): 814-818. [9] Ahmadi F, Zarrin L, Sharifnia S, et al. Analyzed and proposed mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of furfural at TiO 2 nano-particles by HPLC-UV and LC-MASS methods[J]. Journal of Liquid Chromato- graphy & Related Technologies, 2014, 37(12): 1750- 1762. [10] 张玉玉, 宋弋, 李全宏. 食品中糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛的产生机理、含量检测及安全性评价研究进展[J]. 食品科学, 2012, 33(5): 275-280. Zhang Yuyu, Song Ge, Li Quanhong. A review on formation mechanism, determination and safety assessment of furfural and 5-hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF) in foods[J]. Food Science, 2012, 33(5): 275-280. [11] 田高友. 拉曼光谱技术在石油化工领域应用进展[J]. 现代科学仪器, 2009(2): 131-134. Tian Gaoyou. Review of application of Raman techniques in petrochemicals industry[J]. Modern Scientific Instruments, 2009(2): 131-134. [12] Samek O, Zemánek P, Jonáš A, et al. Characteri- zation of oil-producing microalgae using Raman spectroscopy[J]. Laser Physics Letters, 2011, 8(10): 701-709. [13] 陈伟根, 赵立志, 万福, 等. 激光拉曼光谱应用于变压器油中溶解气体分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(15): 2485-2492. Chen Weigen, Zhao Lizhi, Wan Fu, et al. Analysis of dissolved gas in transformer oil based on laser Raman spectroscopy[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(15): 2485-2492. [14] Toshihiro S, Masayuki F, Yasukazu L, et al. Furfural analysis in transformer oils using laser Raman spectroscopy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2015, 22(5): 229-231. [15] Kim M, Chung H, Woo Y, et al. A new non-invasive, quantitative Raman technique for the determination of an active ingredient in pharmaceutical liquids by direct measurement through a plastic bottle[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2007, 587(2): 200-207. [16] Ali E, Edwards H, Scowen I. Detection of explosives on human nail using confocal Raman microscopy[J]. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 2009, 40(2): 144- 149. [17] 张明生. 激光光散射谱学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008. [18] 杨序纲, 吴琪琳. 拉曼光谱的分析与应用[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2008. [19] 戴姆特瑞德 W. 激光光谱学 第1卷: 基础理论[M]. 姬扬, 译. 北京: 北京科学出版社, 2012. [20] 许禄, 邵学广. 化学计量学方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004. [21] 陈伟根, 万福, 顾朝亮, 等. 变压器油中溶解气体拉曼剖析及定量检测优化研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(2): 236-243. Chen Weigen, Wan Fu, Gu Zhaoliang, et al. The research for Raman analysis of dissolved gases in transformer oil and optimization of quantitative detection[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(2): 236-243. [22] 贾廷见, 李朋伟, 尚治国, 等. 糠醛分子的拉曼光谱与红外光谱研究[J]. 光散射学报, 2007, 19(1): 1-5. Jia Tingjian, Li Pengwei, Shang Zhiguo, et al. The study on Raman and infrared spectra of furfural molecule[J]. Chinese Journal of Light Scattering, 2007, 19(1): 1-5. [23] Chen Y, Chen S J, Yi Z, et al. Study of density functional theory for surface-enhanced Raman spectra of furfural[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2012, 32(2): 374-377. [24] Scott A P, Radom L. Harmonic vibrational frequencies: an evaluation of hartree-fock, møller- plesset, quadratic configuration interaction, density functional theory, and semiempirical scale factors[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1996, 100(41): 16502-16513. [25] 廖瑞金, 刘捷丰, 吕彦冬, 等. 变压器油纸绝缘含水量定量评估的频域介电特征参量研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(1): 204-211. Liao Ruijin, Liu Jiefeng, Lü Yandong, et al. Frequency domain dielectric characteristic parame- ters for quantitative assessment of moisture content of oil-paper insulation in power transformers[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(1): 204-211.
2016, Vol. 31 
