基于永磁体和线圈复合结构的磁性粒子成像零磁场研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.232203

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摘要磁性粒子成像（MPI）中的磁场拓扑结构及其产生的零磁场能够直接对成像结果的质量造成影响。针对MPI系统的零磁场设计,该文提出一种永磁体与线圈复合的磁场结构。该结构综合永磁体能够直接产生大梯度静磁场的优势及电磁线圈通过控制激励方式精准调控磁场的优势来构造线型零磁场（FFL）。对所设计的磁场拓扑结构首先进行了基于圆形线圈、矩形线圈和矩形永磁体所产生静磁场的比较;然后从磁场空间分布、磁场梯度和磁场均匀性等方面对FFL进行分析;最后通过有限元仿真确定了线型零磁场的平移扫描区域范围,并进行了MPI分辨率及血管成像研究。结果表明,该文所提拓扑结构产生的FFL磁场梯度达到3.075 T/m,磁场梯度均匀性达到98.7%,在扫描区域为30 mm×70 mm×70 mm的空间内的成像分辨率能够达到1 mm。证明了该文所提拓扑结构应用于磁性粒子成像系统的可行性。

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	杨丹
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关键词 ：磁性粒子成像, 永磁体与线圈复合, 线型零磁场, 磁场梯度, 磁场均匀性

Abstract：In the magnetic particle imaging (MPI) process, due to different topologies of the selection field and the driving field, significant differences exist in the zero magnetic field region, which has a key influence on the MPI imaging effect. This paper proposes an MPI topology based on the permanent magnet and coil composite structure for large aperture, low power consumption, and high resolution. The feasibility of its application in 3D imaging is verified.
The selection magnetic field structure of the MPI device is designed based on the Maxwell configuration. When the excitation current is symmetric, the field-free line (FFL) is distributed along the z-axis; otherwise, the FFL is translated along the x-axis. The driving coil set is designed based on the Helmholtz structure. When the AC excitation signal is input, the driving magnetic field is superimposed with the selection magnetic field, and the FFL is driven to scan along a certain plane perpendicular to the x-axis. Secondly, COMSOL simulation software simulates the magnetic field generated by the composite device, and the effects of current excitation, magnet material, and spatial position on the magnetic field are calculated to determine the maximum scanning range and trajectory of the FFL. Finally, the effects of magnetic field gradient and particle size on the image reconstruction results are analyzed. In the layered scanning simulation, due to the small inter-layer distance, the coupling of signals between adjacent layers is considered in the image reconstruction.
The simulation results show that the structure produces a linear magnetic field gradient of 3.075 T/m and 3.064 T/m in the x and y directions. The scanning area of the magnetic field reaches 30 mm×70 mm×70 mm, and the magnetic field uniformity in the scanning area reaches more than 98.7%. MPI simulation and reconstruction using 3 T/m, 2 T/m, and 1 T/m magnetic field gradients show a positive correlation between the gradient and the imaging quality. Finally, the 3D vascular model is imaged by layers. The minimum structural similarity (SSIM) value of the vascular model data index of each layer is 0.939 5, and the maximum root mean square error (RMSE) value is 0.039 6.
The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) The magnetic field generated by the proposed topology has good uniformity, and the scanning trajectory of FFL can be kept in the same plane. The proposed topology can realize hierarchical scanning compared to the traditional electromagnetic coil structure. (2) The image reconstruction results show that the designed magnetic field realizes multi-layer two-dimensional imaging in space, and the maximum resolution reaches 1 mm. A higher magnetic field gradient is more conducive to improving MPI imaging quality. (3) A 3D model is used for 2D layered scanning, and the influence of signal between adjacent layers is considered, which is helpful for MPI 3D imaging study.

Key words： Magnetic particle imaging permanent magnet and coil composite field-free line magnetic field gradient magnetic field uniformity

收稿日期: 2024-01-02

PACS:

TM153

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（U22A20221, 61836011, 71790614）、教育部中央高校基础科研业务费项目（2020GFZD008）、辽宁省自然科学基金项目（2021-MS093, 2022-MS-119, 2021-BS-054）、辽宁省教育厅基础科学研究项目2021（LJKZ0014）和111项目（B16009）资助

通讯作者: 杨丹女,1979年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为生物电磁检测及成像。E-mail: yangdan@mail.neu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘素羽女,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电磁探测和成像技术。E-mail: 2100696@stu.neu.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨丹, 刘素羽, 张昊, 李天兆, 徐彬. 基于永磁体和线圈复合结构的磁性粒子成像零磁场研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(2): 335-345. Yang Dan, Liu Suyu, Zhang Hao, Li Tianzhao, Xu Bin. Research on Magnetic Particle Imaging Zero Magnetic Field Based on Permanent Magnet and Coil Composite Structure. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(2): 335-345.

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