电池储能温度-功率特性建模及其在综合能源系统中的应用

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231028

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摘要

针对综合能源系统（IES）中电池储能在极端高温、低温下寿命衰减快、性能差的问题,该文提出含温度-功率特性的电池储能运行模型及含电池储能温度控制的IES低碳经济调度方法。通过电池特性实验和软件仿真,构建电池电热耦合模型,并提出相应的电热耦合模型凸化方法;根据凸化电池电热耦合模型估算电池温度并构建含温度-功率特性的电池储能运行模型,分析电、气、冷、热多能流耦合特性,构建IES低碳经济运行模型;结合电池储能运行模型及其温度控制,以最小化IES总运行成本为目标,构建混合整数规划模型,制定IES经济调度策略。为验证所提方法的效果,该文根据不同季节运行场景,构建仿真模型,将所提方法与不包含电池储能温度控制的方法进行对比。对比结果表明,所提方法可以有效提升电池储能运行的使用寿命、热安全性及利用率,降低IES运行成本与碳排放量。

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关键词 ：综合能源系统, 电池储能, 温度特性, 温度控制, 优化调度

Abstract：

To mitigate the fluctuations of new energy output, battery energy storage is widely used in integrated energy system (IES). However, its performance and lifespan are significantly affected by temperature. Neglecting the influence of temperature on battery energy storage operations leads to several critical issues: (1) The charging and discharging power of the battery is constrained at extreme high temperature and low temperature, thereby preventing the full absorption of new energy output. (2) Extreme temperatures accelerate battery degradation, resulting in increased costs and reduced longevity. To address these challenges, it is necessary to study temperature-dependent charge/discharge characteristics and lifespan deterioration of battery energy storage under extreme temperature conditions and establish corresponding temperature-power and temperature-lifespan deterioration models , and then consider the above models in the optimal scheduling of the IES, so as to improve the thermal safety of battery energy storage and the ability to absorb new energy output, and reduce the lifespan loss of battery energy storage and system operating costs.
This paper proposed a battery energy storage operation model with temperature-power characteristics and an IES low carbon economic dispatch method with battery energy storage temperature control. The key steps can be summarized as follows:
(1) Convex Electric-Thermal Coupling Model: The study begins by constructing an electric-thermal coupling model through a combination of battery experiments and simulations. This model is further refined using convexity techniques. It accurately estimates battery temperature based on electric-thermal coupling, allowing for precise quantification of temperature-dependent power output and lifespan deterioration rates.
(2) Battery Energy Storage Operation Model: The developed model encapsulates temperature-power and temperature-lifespan deterioration characteristics. Battery temperature estimation, derived from the electric-thermal coupling model, plays a pivotal role. This comprehensive model is employed to analyze the interdependencies between electricity, gas, cold, and heat multi-energy flows, consequently leading to the formulation of an IES low-carbon economic operation model.
(3) Integrated Planning Model: Through the amalgamation of the battery energy storage model and its temperature control aspects, a mixed-integer planning model is devised. The primary goal is to minimize the total operating cost of the IES. This gives rise to an IES low-carbon economic dispatch strategy. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a simulation model is constructed according to different seasonal operation scenarios, and the proposed method was compared with the method that does not include temperature control of battery energy storage.
The theoretical analysis and case simulations yield the following conclusions: (1) Convex the battery electric-thermal coupling model, estimate the battery temperature based on the convex model, quantify the battery energy storage temperature-power output capability, temperature- lifespan deterioration rate, and control the battery energy storage temperature and power. In this way, it can avoid damage to the battery due to overcharging and discharging at extreme high temperature and low temperature. After calculation, the method in this paper can reduce the lifespan loss cost of battery energy storage by 30.97% and 69.64% in typical summer and winter days compared with that without considering the temperature control of battery energy storage. (2) According to the characteristics of battery energy storage temperature-power output capability, an IES low-carbon economic scheduling strategy including battery energy storage temperature control can be proposed, and the power output capability of the battery energy storage temperature can be improved by controlling the battery energy storage temperature. In this way, the ability to absorb new energy output can be improved, and the operating cost of IES can be reduced. After calculation, the method in this paper can reduce the operating cost of IES by 6.72% and 13.77% in typical days in summer and winter compared with that without considering the temperature control of battery energy storage.

Key words： Integrated energy system battery energy storage temperature characteristics temperature control optimize scheduling

收稿日期: 2023-07-03

PACS:

TM74

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51977062）和上海市浦江人才计划（22PJ1405000）资助项目

通讯作者: 黎灿兵男,1979年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统分析与控制。E-mail：licanbing@sjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 熊康男,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为综合能源系统优化、电池储能技术。E-mail：575901039@sjtu.edu.cn

引用本文:

熊康, 黎灿兵, 樊飞龙, 李新喜, 杨汶圣. 电池储能温度-功率特性建模及其在综合能源系统中的应用[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(16): 5238-5250. Xiong Kang, Li Canbing, Fan Feilong, Li Xinxi, Yang Wensheng. Modeling of Temperature-Power Characteristics of Battery Energy Storage and Its Application in Integrated Energy System. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(16): 5238-5250.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231028 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2024/V39/I16/5238

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