Abstract：Regional integrated energy system (RIES) expands the operation boundary of a single energy system through distributed multi-energy coupling and conversion equipment, which is of great significance to local renewable energy consumption. However, as the multi-energy coupling deepens and distributed renewable energy integration grows, the RIES faces great challenges in maintaining flexible and economic operation. Some research efforts have been conducted to optimize the economic operation of RIES with distributed renewable energy by increasing its flexibility. However, the impact of flexible supply on operational economy of RIES has not been further analyzed. To tackle this problem, a method to calculate the locational marginal energy prices (LMEPs) of RIES considering flexibility provision constraints was proposed. The LMEPs explicitly reflect the operating economy of RIES, and the decomposition analysis for LMEPs can help regional integrated energy system operators (RIESO) to seek the balance between flexibility and economy. Firstly, the operation framework of RIES was constructed under the regional integrated energy market environment, where the RIESO cleared the market and multi-energy generators participated in the market. Secondly, the RIES scheduling model considering flexibility provision constraints, including the multi-energy supply and the multi-ramping capacity constraints, was established. Then, based on the model, the LMEPs of RIES were calculated and decomposed, with respect to the influence of the combined heat and power (CHP) units' flexible provision constraints on energy prices coupling and the peak prices formation. Finally, a numerical example was carried out on a combined electrical-thermal RIES to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. To analyze the impact of flexibility provision on the operating cost, the scheduling results, and the LMEPs of RIES under different scenarios, 4 cases were set for comparison. The comparison of optimized operation results showed that the more abundant flexibility provision, the lower the operating cost, and the more violent fluctuation of the distributed wind power generation led to an increase in flexibility demand and operating cost. The LMEPs can be decomposed into the marginal cost component, the network transmission loss component, the congestion component, the operation domain component, and the flexible ramping component. The marginal cost component reflected the coupling relationship between LMEPs. The network transmission and the congestion component reflected the influence of the power flows in RIES on LMEPs. The operation domain and flexible ramping component reflected the abundance of flexibility provision. When flexibility provision was insufficient, the energy price peaks would emerge. Finally, to verify the flexibility provision of the district heating network, it was considered as passive energy storage and jointly operated with CHP units. The fluctuation of LMEPs was significantly reduced through the joint operation. The following conclusions can be drawn from the cases study: (1) The scheduling model of the RIES considering flexibility provision constraints under the market environment can effectively solve the LMEPs, which provide effective price information. (2) By decomposing and analyzing the LMEPs under different flexibility provision cases, the coupling relationship between the LMEPs was proved, and energy price peaks would emerge when the flexibility provision was insufficient. (3) The district heating network can be considered as passive energy storage to jointly operate with condensing CHP unit, the joint operation optimized effectively suppressed the energy price peaks.
陈红坤, 王雪纯, 陈磊. 考虑灵活性供给约束的区域综合能源系统节点边际能价分解分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(13): 3576-3589.
Chen Hongkun, Wang Xuechun, Chen Lei. Decomposition Analysis on Locational Marginal Energy Prices in Regional Integrated Energy System Considering Flexibility Provision Constraints. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(13): 3576-3589.
[1] 余晓丹, 徐宪东, 陈硕翼, 等. 综合能源系统与能源互联网简述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(1): 1-13. Yu Xiaodan, Xu Xiandong, Chen Shuoyi, et al.A brief review to integrated energy system and energy Internet[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(1): 1-13. [2] 边晓燕, 史越奇, 裴传逊, 等. 计及经济性和可靠性因素的区域综合能源系统双层协同优化配置[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(21): 4529-4543. Bian Xiaoyan, Shi Yueqi, Pei Chuanxun, et al.Bi-level collaborative configuration optimization of integrated community energy system considering economy and reliability[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(21): 4529-4543. [3] 吴珊, 边晓燕, 张菁娴,等. 面向新型电力系统灵活性提升的国内外辅助服务市场研究综述[J/OL]. 电工技术学报, 2002, https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki. 1000-6753.tces.211730. Wu Shan, Bian Xiaoyan, Zhang Jingxian, et al. A review of domestic and foreign ancillary services market for improving flexibility of new power system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2002. https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753. tces.211730. [4] 谢小荣, 贺静波, 毛航银, 等. “双高”电力系统稳定性的新问题及分类探讨[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(2): 461-474. Xie Xiaorong, He Jingbo, Mao Hangyin, et al.New issues and classification of power system stability with high shares of renewables and power electronics[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(2): 461-474. [5] Clegg S, Mancarella P.Integrated modeling and assessment of the operational impact of power-to-gas (P2G) on electrical and gas transmission networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2015, 6(4): 1234-1244. [6] 王昀, 谢海鹏, 孙啸天, 等. 计及激励型综合需求响应的电-热综合能源系统日前经济调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(9): 1926-1934. Wang Yun, Xie Haipeng, Sun Xiaotian, et al.Day-ahead economic dispatch for electricity-heating integrated energy system considering incentive integrated demand response[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(9): 1926-1934. [7] Unsihuay-Vila C, Marangon-Lima J W, De Souza A D, et al. A model to long-term, multiarea, multistage, and integrated expansion planning of electricity and natural gas systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2010, 25: 1154-1168. [8] Clegg S, Mancarella P.Integrated electrical and gas network flexibility assessment in low-carbon multi-energy systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2016, 7(2): 718-731. [9] 汤翔鹰, 胡炎, 耿琪, 等. 考虑多能灵活性的综合能源系统多时间尺度优化调度[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(4): 81-90. Tang Xiangying, Hu Yan, Geng Qi, et al.Multi-time-scale optimal scheduling of integrated energy system considering multi-energy flexibility[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(4): 81-90. [10] 邓莉荣, 孙宏斌, 陈润泽, 等. 面向能源互联网的热电联供系统节点能价研究[J]. 电网技术, 2016, 40(11): 3375-3382. Deng Lirong, Sun Hongbin, Chen Runze, et al.Research on nodal energy price of combined heat and power system for energy Internet[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(11): 3375-3382. [11] 郑重, 苗世洪, 李超, 等. 面向微型能源互联网接入的交直流配电网协同优化调度策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(1): 192-207. Zheng Zhong, Miao Shihong, Li Chao, et al.Coordinated optimal dispatching strategy of AC/DC distribution network for the integration of micro energy Internet[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(1): 192-207. [12] Bai Linquan, Wang Jianhui, Wang Chengshan, et al.Distribution locational marginal pricing (DLMP) for congestion management and voltage support[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2018, 33(4): 4061-4073. [13] 王雪纯, 陈红坤, 陈磊. 提升区域综合能源系统运行灵活性的多主体互动决策模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(11): 2207-2219. Wang Xuechun, Chen Hongkun, Chen Lei.Multi-player interactive decision-making model for operational flexibility improvement of regional integrated energy system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(11): 2207-2219. [14] Wang Cheng, Wei Wei, Wang Jianhui, et al.Equilibrium of interdependent gas and electricity markets with marginal price based bilateral energy trading[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2018, 33: 4854-4867. [15] 史新红, 郑亚先, 薛必克, 等. 机组运行约束对机组节点边际电价的影响分析[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(8): 2658-2664, 2647. Shi Xinhong, Zheng Yaxian, Xue Bike, et al.Effect analysis of unit operation constraints on locational marginal price of unit nodes[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(8): 2658-2664, 2647. [16] 房欣欣, 杨知方, 余娟, 等. 节点电价的理论剖析与拓展[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(2): 379-390. Fang Xinxin, Yang Zhifang, Yu Juan, et al.Theoretical analysis and extension of locational marginal price[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(2): 379-390. [17] 陈柏沅, 王程, 吴陈硕, 等. 基于联合出清机制的电-热综合能源市场均衡分析[J]. 电网技术, 2020, 44(8): 2848-2857. Chen Baiyuan, Wang Cheng, Wu Chenshuo, et al.Holistic clearing scheme based market equilibrium analysis of the electricity-heat integrated energy system[J]. Power System Technology, 2020, 44(8): 2848-2857. [18] 胡俊杰, 刘雪涛, 王程. 考虑网络约束的能量枢纽灵活性价值评估[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(5): 1799-1812. Hu Junjie, Liu Xuetao, Wang Cheng.Value evaluation of energy hub flexibility considering network constraints[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(5): 1799-1812. [19] 张义志, 王小君, 和敬涵, 等. 考虑供热系统建模的综合能源系统最优能流计算方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(3): 562-570. Zhang Yizhi, Wang Xiaojun, He Jinghan, et al.Optimal energy flow calculation method of integrated energy system considering thermal system modeling[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(3): 562-570. [20] 王蓓蓓, 仇知, 丛小涵, 等. 基于两阶段随机优化建模的新能源电网灵活性资源边际成本构成的机理分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(4): 1348-1359. Wang Beibei, Qiu Zhi, Cong Xiaohan, et al.Mechanism analysis of flexible resources' marginal price in new energy grid based on two-stage stochastic optimization modeling[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(4): 1348-1359. [21] 王怡, 杨知方, 余娟, 等. 节点电价与对偶乘子的内在关联分析与扩展[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(6): 82-91. Wang Yi, Yang Zhifang, Yu Juan, et al.Analysis and extension of internal relationship between locational marginal price and dual multiplier[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(6): 82-91. [22] 孙国强, 王文学, 吴奕, 等. 辐射型电-热互联综合能源系统快速潮流计算方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(13): 4131-4141. Sun Guoqiang, Wang Wenxue, Wu Yi, et al.Fast power flow calculation method for radiant electric-thermal interconnected integrated energy system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(13): 4131-4141. [23] Wang Xuechun, Chen Hongkun, Chen Lei, et al.Joint energy and flexiramp market equilibrium model for regional-integrated electricity-heat systems considering flexibility exploitation of district heating networks[J]. Energy Science & Engineering, 2021, 10: 384-403.
2023, Vol. 38 
