计及电压动态的构网型变流器多机并联系统暂态建模与稳定域估计

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242179

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摘要

以构网型变流器为接口的新能源具有频率和电压支撑能力的同时,面临严峻的暂态同步失稳风险。现有研究多专注于构网型变流器单机系统,无法推广应用至存在复杂交互的多机并联系统,缺少多机系统稳定域的定量估计。为此,该文首先建立了机组外交互与有功无功内耦合的构网型变流器多机并联系统大信号等值模型。基于该模型,构造了计及电压动态、阻尼耗散以及机组暂态交互的李雅普诺夫函数集。该函数集不依赖于运动路径与响应时间,能直观且准确刻画多机并联系统最大稳定域,并通过故障清除点位置预判暂态同步稳定性。通过比较稳定域大小,量化了控制参数和电网参数对构网型多机系统暂态同步稳定边界影响,探究了阻尼耗散、电压动态以及机组间交互对暂态稳定裕度影响。最后,搭建硬件在环实验平台验证了所估计最大稳定域与分析的准确性。

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关键词 ：构网型变流器, 暂态同步, 稳定域, 多机并联系统

Abstract：

In China, the current renewable energy resources mainly use grid-following converters as grid-connected interfaces, which cannot provide inertia and damping support for power systems. In order to enhance the support capacity of renewable energy resources, grid-forming converters are emerging as a promising solution as they can emulate the dynamic property of synchronous generator and provide support. However, the grid-forming converter faces significant risks of transient synchronous instability. Current research primarily focuses on single grid-forming converter systems, which cannot be applied to multi-machine systems due to complex interactions between converters. Quantitative transient analysis and the method of stability region estimation for multiple paralleled grid-forming converter systems are absent.
To fill this gap, taking transient interaction and power coupling into consideration, the large-signal equivalent model of multiple grid-forming converters system is established. Based on this model, a set of Lyapunov functions is constructed, which accounts for damping dissipation, reactive power loop dynamics, and transient interactions, enabling intuitively and accurately plotting the stability region for multi-machine system. Then, by comparing the sizes of the stability regions, the impact of control parameters and grid parameters on the stability boundaries of grid-forming multi-machine systems is quantified. Furthermore, the influence of damping dissipation, reactive power loop dynamics, and transient interactions on the transient stability margin is explored. Finally, hardware-in-the-loop experiments validate the accuracy of the estimated maximum stability region.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis in this paper: (1)Due to the complex interaction, the equivalence model and transient characteristics of multi-machine system are more complex than those of single-machine system. (2)The Lyapunov function set, which takes into account voltage dynamics, damping dissipation and transient interaction, can accurately estimate the maximum stability region of multiple grid-forming converter systems, and predict the transient synchronization stability via the location of the fault clearing point. (3)By comparing the size of the stability region, the increase of reference power, fault depth, and line impedance will reduce the stability region, and the increase of damping coefficient, inertia, and reactive droop coefficient will enlarge the stability region. The voltage dynamics and damping dissipation can increase the stability margin of the system, and the transient interaction between units can reduce the stability margin.

Key words： Grid-forming converter transient synchronous stability stability region multi-machine system

收稿日期: 2024-12-04

PACS:

TM464

基金资助:

国家电网有限公司科技项目资助（4000-202332455A-3-2-ZN）

通讯作者: 陈燕东男,1979年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源发电系统建模与控制、微电网技术、特种电源技术。E-mail：yandong_chen@hnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 罗聪男,1997年生,博士研究生,研究方向为新能源并网系统建模、分析与控制。E-mail：congluo@hnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

罗聪, 陈燕东, 谢志为, 高铭琨, 谢佳伟. 计及电压动态的构网型变流器多机并联系统暂态建模与稳定域估计[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2179-. Luo Cong, Chen Yandong, Xie Zhiwei, Gao Mingkun, Xie Jiawei. Transient Model and Stability Region Estimation for Multiple Paralleled Grid-Forming Inverter System. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2179-.

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