Abstract：The FHSM method is applied in the bidirectional resonant converter to achieve wide voltage gain with fixed switching frequency and smooth bidirectional power transmission. The existing resonant parameter design methods for the bidirectional resonant converter with FHSM may result in high turn-off current and reactive power at the high-current side in the low-voltage application. This paper proposes a characteristic- impedance-based resonant tank design method for the FHSM-controlled BSRC to achieve wide-range ZCS and low reactive power at the high-current side. Firstly, the characteristic-impedance-based resonant tank model of the FHSM-controlled BSRC is analyzed. The characteristic impedance of the resonant tank affects the amplitude and zero-crossing point of the resonant current, thereby affecting the RMS current and ZCS performance of the converter. Then, by analyzing the port voltages of the resonant tank and current with the Fourier transform, it is found that increasing the characteristic impedance leads to a decrease in the amplitude of higher-order harmonics of resonant current, thus reducing the reactive power of the FHSM-controlled BSRC. In addition, when the characteristic impedance increases to a threshold value, the impact of higher-order harmonics on the resonant current becomes small, and the resonant current has the same zero-crossing points as the low-voltage side midpoint voltage. Thus, ZCS can be realized for low-voltage side switches. The characteristic impedance range of FHSM-controlled BSRC at the low-voltage side is obtained by substituting the critical condition into the expression of resonant current. Considering the resonant capacitor’s voltage stress and the resonant inductor’s volume, the resonant parameters are recommended to achieve ZCS under high output current conditions. Under low output current conditions, the low-voltage side switches turn off with a small current, facilitating ZVS. The FHSM-controlled BSRC has a lower RMS current using the proposed design method than the two existing resonant parameter design methods. A 6 kW prototype is built to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The steady-state and ZCS waveforms of the FHSM-controlled BSRC are presented under different operating conditions. The proposed design method achieves a wide range of ZCS and low reactive power at the low-voltage side of the converter. Additionally, the theoretical efficiency and loss distribution of the FHSM-controlled BSRC with different parameter design methods are compared under the conditions of VH=360~440 V, VL=20~60 V, IL=100 A, fs=100 kHz, and n=6. The results reveal that the proposed design method is superior in efficiency improvement with low voltage and high current output.
黄君仪, 韩华, 许国, 路正美, 粟梅. 一种用于FHSM控制的BSRC实现低压侧ZCS和低电流有效值的谐振腔设计方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(4): 1193-1202.
Huang Junyi, Han Hua, Xu Guo, Lu Zhengmei, Su Mei. A Resonant Tank Design Method for BSRC with FHSM Achieving ZCS and Low RMS Current at Low-Voltage Side. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(4): 1193-1202.
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2025, Vol. 40 
