Failure Mechanism of Measurement Blindness in Magnetostrictive Displacement Sensors and Optimization of Magnetic Shielding
Bian Tiezan1,2, Li Mingming1,2, Wang Xinyu1,2, Huang Wenmei1,2, Weng Ling1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China; 2. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
Abstract：Magnetostrictive displacement sensors use the Weidmann effect to achieve displacement measurement, with high accuracy, non-contact, high reliability and adaptable to harsh environments, etc., and are widely used in a variety of fields. Due to the existence of measurement blind zones near the detection coil, the effective measurement range of magnetostrictive displacement sensors is difficult to meet the application requirements in the field of hydraulic cylinders, robotic arms and other areas where the installation space is limited. This problem limits the development of precision measurement and precision displacement control. In order to reduce the measurement blind zone of magnetostrictive displacement sensors in the vicinity of the detection coil and to widen the application range of magnetostrictive displacement sensors in environments where measurement space is limited. Based on the Weidmann effect, magneto-elastic coupling effect and Villari effect, this paper theoretically investigates the relationship between the measurement blind zone of magnetostrictive displacement sensors and the synthetic magnetic field, establishes a model of the measurement blind zone of magnetostrictive displacement sensors under the action of the synthetic magnetic field, and analyses the failure mechanism of magnetostrictive displacement sensors in the measurement blind zone. The theoretical model shows that the measurement blind zone is affected by the axial magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, and the measurement blind zone increases with the axial magnetic field. An experimental platform was built to provide adjustable pulse current and axial magnetic field, and experiments were conducted using (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6, Fe46.5Ni48.5Cr2Ti2.5Al0.5 and Fe30Co70 waveguide wires with a diameter of 0.6 mm, which verified the accuracy of the measurement blind zone model, and a solution was developed to reduce the measurement blind zone by adding a cylindrical multilayer magnetic shielding device. It is concluded that the measurement blind zone can be reduced by adding cylindrical multi-layer magnetic shielding device. The material of the magnetic shielding device is the high permeability permalloy, and the optimal parameters of the static magnetic shielding device are determined by calculating the magnetic shielding coefficient, and the change of the measurement blind zone in the case of different layers of the magnetic shielding device are measured experimentally. The experimental results show that the shielding efficiency is higher when the static magnetic shielding device is 3 layers, at which time the length of the first layer of magnetic shielding is 10.02 mm and the radius is 7.56 mm; the length of the second layer of magnetic shielding is 14.02 mm and the radius is 9.56 mm; the length of the third layer of magnetic shielding is 18.02 mm and the radius is 11.56 mm.A prototype of the improved sensor is fabricated and the prototype's measurement blind area was analysed and tested. The results show that the measurement blind zone of the optimized (Fe83Ga17)99.4B0.6 waveguide wire sensor measurement blind zone is shortened from 30.05 μs to 18.45 μs, and the width is shortened by 38.6%; that of the Fe46.5Ni48.5Cr2Ti2.5Al0.5 waveguide wire sensor measurement blind zone is shortened from 31.15 μs to 19.15 μs, and the width is shortened by 38.5%; that of the Fe30Co70 waveguide wire sensor measurement blind zone is shortened from 29.55 μs to 18.85 μs, and the width is shortened by 36.2%. The experimental results show that the blind zone of the improved magnetostrictive displacement sensors near the detection coil is effectively reduced, and they can be applied to high-precision displacement measurements in the case of limited measurement space. This study can provide theoretical basis and guidance for the optimal design of magnetostrictive displacement sensors.
边铁錾, 李明明, 王鑫玉, 黄文美, 翁玲. 磁致伸缩位移传感器测量盲区失效机理与磁屏蔽优化[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(17): 5300-5310.
Bian Tiezan, Li Mingming, Wang Xinyu, Huang Wenmei, Weng Ling. Failure Mechanism of Measurement Blindness in Magnetostrictive Displacement Sensors and Optimization of Magnetic Shielding. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(17): 5300-5310.
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2024, Vol. 39 
