Abstract：Brushless double-fed machines (BDFMs) are very suitable for flexible operation in specialized or extreme conditions, such as explosion-proof and flammable conditions, due to their reliable structure and fractional-rated converters, which have gained significant attention in recent years with the development of new energy generation. In order to facilitate further research and potential applications, this paper provides an overview of key issues of the BDFM and offers insights into its development directions. Firstly, this paper summarizes two field modulation modes of the BDFM and clarifies the nomenclature principle and standardized terminology for this electric machine category. The restriction on the pole number combinations is also specified, which should satisfy | pp-pc|=2k (k =1, 2, 3,…). Secondly, the existing stator and rotor schemes are classified, their operating characteristics are analyzed, and the development direction of the rotor is proposed. The wound rotor stands out for its single current loop, flexible parameter design, and excellent harmonic suppression effect, becoming the most widely used BDFM. The rotor winding can also be designed with two sets of independent rotor windings with the same phase number and each multi-phase symmetry. As long as these two sets of independently designed rotor windings are properly combined and connected according to specific rules, it becomes feasible to achieve reverse and same-direction rotor magnetomotive forces, enabling “sum modulation” and “difference modulation” magnetic field modes in the BDFM. It is an important direction for the future development and application of the wound rotor BDFM. Moreover, the steady-state equivalent circuit models of BDFM are also summarized to elucidate their operating characteristics. The synchronous- asynchronous series equivalent circuit model of BDFM (BDFM-HUST-YU circuit) shows that the torque characteristics of the BDFM result from the combination of asynchronous and synchronous torque characteristics, which are influenced not only by the power angle but also by the slip ratio. The optimization strategies of the BDFM design are summarized according to different mathematical equivalent models. Then, novel control topologies and strategies of the BDFM are listed. The complete BDFM systems suitable for typical motor drive and power generation conditions are established to illustrate their operational mechanisms. Deficiencies in the analysis, design, and control of the BDFM are also discussed. Finally, further research and application direction of key issues, such as stator and rotor schemes, analysis models, optimization design, and control system of the BDFM, are summarized and explained. The opinion on the name of the motor is put forward, and it is pointed out that the strict and appropriate name of this type of motor should be collectively called “brushless doubly-fed machine”. A comprehensive evaluation criterion for the utilization ratio of two sets of windings and one set of windings is proposed, demonstrating that the former is not lower than that of a single set of windings. It can offer valuable guidance for further in-depth research on the BDFM, facilitating its adoption in key fields like renewable energy, energy saving, and consumption reduction.
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2024, Vol. 39 
