基于开绕组电机的电动汽车双电池集成充电系统准直接功率控制

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230426

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摘要

针对基于开绕组永磁同步电机和双电池组驱动的电动汽车提出一种集成化充电拓扑,充电运行时将双逆变器和电机绕组复用为双PWM整流器及其输入侧滤波电感。在三相VSR和开绕组永磁电机数学模型的基础上,将电网坐标系和电机坐标系相统一,分析了充电状态下的电磁转矩。实际运行时存在双电池剩余电量不相等的情况,导致充电时双通道功率不平衡,因此设计了一种准直接功率控制策略,以解决功率不平衡带来的转矩脉动问题。最后通过仿真和实验验证了该集成化充电拓扑的可行性。

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关键词 ：集成化充电拓扑, 开绕组永磁同步电机, 双电池组, 准直接功率控制

Abstract：

Recently, the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) has mainly relied on DC charging piles, which have the problems of large space occupation and high construction cost. Thus, the scholars have proposed several approaches of integrated battery charger (IBC) based on the reconfiguration relays or switches, the driving system with power converters and phase windings of electric machine could be reused as the charger when the EV is in the standstill status. However, the traditional structure of the phase windings of the electric machine needs more switches to achieve the reconfiguration topology, while the specific open-winding PMSMs (OW-PMSMs) could be a good candidate for the IBC of EVs due to the properties of high output power, fault tolerance and other characteristics. In this paper, the IBC topology and control strategy based on OW-PMSM with the dual battery packs are proposed for EVs with the new energy power. The three-phase grid power are connected to the neutral points of the three-phase windings of OW-PMSM, and the dual battery packs can be charged simultaneously. When the residual power of the dual battery packs is unequal, their equivalent loads are different and the charging power of them are imbalanced, then in the charging mode, the unequal currents flowing in the phase windings of OW-PMSM will lead to the output torque, and it will have side effect on the proposed IBC system. Therefore, a quasi-direct power control (QDPC) strategy is designed to suppress the torque pulsation caused by the imbalanced charging power of the dual channel.
Firstly, mathematical model of the dual-battery integrated charging system based on OW-PMSM is carried out, and the grid coordinate system and the motor coordinate system are unified to simplify the expression of the electromagnetic torque of the motor during the charging mode. Then, in order to achieve the output torque elimination of the proposed system in the charging mode when the dual-channel charging power is equal, a basic control strategy for the balanced charging power is designed. However, as the basic strategy is performed in the rotated coordinate system, the phase-locked loop (PLL) and decoupling of the dq-axis voltage should be employed herein, it may consume a lot of computing resources and has side effect on the dynamic performance of the proposed system. Thus, the QDPC strategy is derived and designed to obtain theαβ-axis current control directly in the rotating coordinate system to achieve high dynamic performance. The corresponding parameters in the dual-loop of current and voltage are also designed in detail.
Finally, the simulation and experiment results are implemented, it can be seen that the output torque could be eliminated for the proposed IBC system with the imbalanced equivalent loads. The steady-state experiments are conducted at load ratios of 0.75, 1, and 1.5, and the dynamic experiments are also divided into different cases of variable loads and variable voltages condition. With the proposed QDPC strategy, the steady-state charging torque is less than 1.15 N•m under different load ratios and the dynamic charging torque is less than 1.21 N•m under variable loads and voltages. Moreover, the dynamic charging torque of the proposed system could be reduced to be 60% compared to that with the basic control strategy. It can be seen that the proposed QDPC strategy for the proposed OW-PMSM for EVs could achieve a better dynamic performance.

Key words： integrated dual-battery charging topology open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor dual batteries quasi-direct power control

PACS:

TM351

基金资助:

江苏省自然科学基金（BK20191277）和科技创新2025重大专项（2022Z038）资助

通讯作者: 魏佳丹, 男,1981年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为航空电源系统、新能源发电、特种电机调速及数字控制。E-mail：weijiadan@nuaa.edu.cn

作者简介: 郭磊, 男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电动汽车的车载集成充电。E-mail：threestones@nuaa.edu.cn

引用本文:

郭磊, 魏佳丹, 王艺威, 周波, 王寅. 基于开绕组电机的电动汽车双电池集成充电系统准直接功率控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 9022-22. Guo Lei, Wei Jiadan, Wang Yiwei, Zhou Bo, Wang Yin. Quasi-direct power control of dual-battery electric vehicle integrated charging system based on an open-winding motor. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 9022-22.

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