弓形磁极永磁电机正弦削极修正模型

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221853

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摘要

该文以气隙磁通密度函数和永磁体磁化方向厚度函数为理论基础,结合卡特系数计算公式、磁路等效原理和分布磁路法,考虑定子开槽、极间漏磁、磁极边缘效应以及磁路饱和等因素的影响,推导出表贴式永磁电机平行充磁条件下的正弦削极修正解析模型。而后建立有限元模型验证了解析模型的准确性,并与简化正弦削极电机、偏心削极电机进行仿真对比,结果表明修正正弦削极电机所得气隙磁通密度总谐波失真（THD）分别较简化正弦削极电机和偏心削极电机低41.3 %和23.4 %,径向电磁力密度总谐波失真（THD）分别较简化正弦削极电机和偏心削极电机低29.82 %和19.24 %,从而使电机转矩脉动降低。最后通过实验进一步验证了修正解析模型准确性。本文提出的修正解析模型,不仅使电机的电磁性能得到了进一步优化,而且理论基础明晰,不用像偏心削极一样,需要进行遍历扫描寻优,提高了电机的设计效率,为高品质永磁电机的优化设计提供了参考。

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关键词 ：永磁同步电机, 正弦削极修正解析模型, 平行充磁, 分布磁路法

Abstract：

Electric machines are gradually taking the place of traditional machines powered by fossil fuels in many industries for environmental issues, such as automobile industry and aviation industry. PMSM is usually the prime choice among all motor types because of its merits of high torque density, high power density, and high efficiency. Suppressing the noise and vibration of PMSM has become a key issue in recent years and the technology of pole shaping is one of the effective solutions. Eccentric magnet pole and sinusoidal magnet pole are most commonly used in pole shaping. When designing the eccentric magnet poles, much calculation and parameter sweeping are needed for optimization. The process is rather time-consuming, and the physical mechanism of eccentric pole shaping in making the air gap magnetic flux density sinusoidal needs to be clearer. Simplified sinusoidal pole shaping is to make the shape of magnet poles conform to sine function to make the air gap magnetic flux density sinusoidal. The mechanism is clear, and the designing process is time-saving. However, the influence of stator slot, pole-to-pole leakage, edge effect, and magnetic circuit saturation is not considered in simplified sinusoidal pole shaping. The air gap magnetic flux density needs to be more sinusoidal. Therefore, this paper proposes a modified sinusoidal pole shaping model, which optimizes the motor's electromagnetic performance in a time-saving way and has a clear theoretical basis. The research object is an arcuate pole permanent magnet motor. Compared with a magnet pole with an arc bottom, an arcuate magnet pole can provide greater power density when the diameter of the rotor and the thickness of the magnet pole are the same. Besides, the model of the arcuate pole is more complex, and the derivation process is applicable to the model of the magnet pole with an arc bottom.
The functions of the air gap length and the thickness of the magnet are deduced. In the functions, the Carter coefficient formula is used to consider the influence of stator slots. Pole-to-pole leakage and edge effect are considered using the proposed leakage coefficient formula. Besides, the distributed magnetic circuit method is used to consider the saturation of the magnetic circuit. Compared with the model built by finite element analysis (FEA), the analytical model is accurate. Also, the fundamental component amplitude of the air gap magnetic flux density and the average torque of the modified sinusoidal pole shaping motor are higher than those of the simplified sinusoidal pole shaping motor and close to those of the eccentric pole shaping motor. Moreover, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the air gap magnetic flux density of the modified sinusoidal pole shaping is 41.3 % and 23.4 % lower than that of the simplified sinusoidal pole shaping motor and the eccentric pole shaping motor, respectively. The THD of the radial electromagnetic force density of the modified sinusoidal pole shaping is 29.82 % and 19.24 % lower than that of the simplified sinusoidal motor and the eccentric motor, respectively. As a result, the torque ripple of the motor is reduced.
Therefore, the modified sinusoidal pole shaping model can save much time in the designing process and provide better performance in reducing vibration than the eccentric pole shaping model and simplified pole shaping model.

Key words： Permanent magnet motor analytical model of modified sinusoidal pole shaping parallel magnetization distributed magnetic circuit method

收稿日期: 2022-09-30

PACS:

TM341

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（52207048, 51825703, 51977215, 51875573）

通讯作者: 胡鹏飞男,1990年生,助理研究员,研究方向为集成化永磁推进电机设计。E-mail: 785141654@qq.com

作者简介: 赵浩然男,1998年生,博士研究生,研究方向为集成化永磁推进电机设计与控制。E-mail: haoranzhaoh@163.com

引用本文:

赵浩然, 王东, 胡鹏飞, 魏应三, 易新强. 弓形磁极永磁电机正弦削极修正模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230625-230625. Zhao Haoran, Wang Dong, Hu Pengfei, Wei Yingsan, Yi Xinqiang. Modified Sinusoidal Pole Shaping Model of Arcuate Pole Permanent Magnet Motors. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230625-230625.

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