基于SCAS时间匹配算法油浸式变压器绕组瞬态温升计算方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.222137

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摘要

在应用时步有限元法对油浸式电力变压器的瞬态温升问题进行研究时,由于流场与温度场的变化快慢不同,采用小步长进行逐次耦合的传统方案会造成严重的计算冗余,影响瞬态计算效率。因此,针对传统算法存在的步长调整及耦合点选择问题,本文提出了基于子循环自适应串行交错（SCAS,Sub-cycled Adaptive Staggered）的时间匹配算法。首先,在步长调整方面,通过加入自适应（ATS, Adaptive Time Stepping）-启发式（HTS, Heuristic Time Stepping）混合变步长算法,解决了步长无法实时调整的问题,使其在允许的误差下根据物理场的变化趋势,能够在每一时刻取得较为合适的步长,该方法的引入极大地减少了计算时步数;同时,针对耦合点选择问题,本文在传统常规串行交错（CSS,Conventional Staggered Scheme）时间匹配算法及其现有改进方案子循环常规串行交错（SCSS, Sub-cycled Conventional Staggered Scheme）的基础上,提出了SCAS时间匹配算法,该方法采用自适应方案确定计算时间窗及预定耦合点,并引入指数平滑法对其精度进行保证。最后,为了验证所提方法的有效性,本文基于110kV油浸式电力变压器绕组基本结构,建立了二维瞬态单分区分匝绕组模型,并将所提算法与其他传统方法进行对比分析,结果表明：精度方面,与传统CSS算法相比SCAS算法的流场最大误差为0.0013m/s,平均相对误差为0.25%;温度场最大误差为0.8139K,平均相对误差为0.45%,均在可接受误差范围内;效率方面,相较于传统CSS时间匹配算法,在结合耦合点选择与步长自适应选择之后,SCAS算法在耦合次数和计算时间步数上得到了进一步减少,其总体计算效率较CSS算法提高了近20倍。同时,为了进一步说明所提算法在工程实际中的价值,本文搭建了基于110kV变压器绕组模型的温升实验平台,并将SCAS时间匹配算法应用于该传热模型中,计算及实验结果表明：精度方面,SCAS算法与实验达到稳态时最大绝对误差出现在30线饼4测温点,为2.7K,由于温升实验受若干不可控因素的影响,故其误差在可以接受的范围之内;在计算效率上,本文所提算法的计算效率较传统算法提升约46倍,计算步数约为传统的1/47,大大的减少了计算冗余。结合以上分析可充分验证本文所提算法的有效性、高效性及工程应用价值。

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关键词 ：子循环自适应串行交错, 混合变步长, 二维瞬态流热耦合问题, 快速计算方法, 温升实验

Abstract：

For the time matching problem of two or more multiple physical fields, the traditional idea generally considers that the physical fields are solved by coupling with fixed equal time steps. This direct coupling algorithm is named conventional serial staggered(CSS), but there are two obvious problems in this time matching method, namely, step size adjustment and coupling point selection, Therefore, this paper proposes a time matching algorithm based on Sub cyclic adaptive staggered (SCAS).
Firstly, in the aspect of step size adjustment, the Adaptive Time Stepping algorithm (ATS) is added, and the difference of approximate solutions with different accuracy is used as the basis for time step adjustment. At the same time, for nonlinear problems, the Heuristic time stepping method (HTS) is combined to set the number of iterations as the basis for nonlinear discrimination, which solves the problem that the step size cannot be adjusted in real time under strong nonlinear problems, it can obtain a more appropriate step size at each time according to the change trend of the physical field under the allowable error. The introduction of the ATS-HTS hybrid variable step size method greatly reduces the number of computing time steps.
Secondly, for the problem of coupling point selection, this paper proposes SCAS time matching algorithm based on CSS time matching algorithm, which uses adaptive scheme to determine the calculation time window and predetermined coupling points, and introduces exponential smoothing method to ensure its accuracy.
Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a two-dimensional transient single zone split turn winding model is established, and the proposed method is compared with other traditional methods. The results show that: compared with the traditional CSS algorithm, in terms of accuracy, the average relative error of flow field of SCAS algorithm is 0.25%; The average relative error of temperature field is 0.45%, which is within the acceptable error range; In terms of efficiency, compared with the traditional CSS time matching algorithm, after combining coupling point selection and step size adaptive selection, the SCAS algorithm has further reduced the number of coupling times and computing time steps, and its overall computing efficiency is nearly 20 times higher than the CSS algorithm.
At the same time, in order to further illustrate the value of the proposed algorithm in engineering practice, this paper has built a temperature rise experimental platform based on the 110kV transformer winding model, and applied the SCAS time matching algorithm to the heat transfer model. The calculation and experimental results show that: in terms of accuracy, the maximum absolute error between the SCAS algorithm and the experiment when reaching the steady state occurs at the temperature measuring points of 30 wire cakes and 4, which is 2.7K. Because the temperature rise experiment is affected by several uncontrollable factors. Therefore, the error is within the acceptable range. In terms of computational efficiency, the computational efficiency of the algorithm proposed in this paper is about 46 times higher than that of the traditional algorithm, and the number of computational steps is about 1/47 of the traditional algorithm, which greatly reduces computational redundancy.

Key words： Sub-cyclic adaptive staggered mixed variable time step thermal coupling problem of two dimensional transient flow fast calculation method temperature rise experiment

收稿日期: 2022-11-11

PACS:

TM411

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划项目资助(2021YFB2401703)

通讯作者: 刘刚男,1985年生,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事电气设备多物理场建模及仿真、电力系统时域仿真和电磁场理论及其应用方面的研究工作。E-mail：liugang_em@163.com

作者简介: 郝世缘女,1999年生,硕士研究生,主要从事多物理场多时间尺度快速计算方面的研究工作。E-mail：hsyjya@163.com

引用本文:

刘刚, 郝世缘, 胡万君, 刘云鹏, 李琳. 基于SCAS时间匹配算法油浸式变压器绕组瞬态温升计算方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 125-125. Liu Gang, Hao Shiyuan, Hu Wanjun, Liu Yunpeng, Li Lin. Transient Temperature Rise Calculation of Oil Immersed Transformer Winding Based on SCAS Time Matching Algorithm. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 125-125.

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