Abstract：High frequency square wave injection method can avoid the use of filters and improve the system bandwidth. However, when the fundamental wave is small such as light load or no load situation, when the dead time effect of the inverter distorts the high frequency current, the dead time in the inverter nonlinearity will affect the position estimation accuracy of the high frequency injection method. To address these issues, this paper analyzes the influence of inverter nonlinearity on high frequency square wave injection method, and then proposes a new method of high frequency ripple current extraction and compensation. This method can separate and compensate three-phase current from the natural coordinate system, can effectively reduce the influence of dead time, improve the efficiency of injection voltage, and suppress the position angle error caused by inverter nonlinearity. When the fundamental current of the motor is large, the high-frequency current response is carried above the fundamental current, the dead time has little influence on the high frequency current, and the current distortion is not obvious; When the motor operates at low speed conditions such as light load or no load, the inverter nonlinearity will cause serious distortion to the three-phase high frequency current response, which will affect the accuracy of position observation, because the high frequency current is the dominant component compared with the fundamental current. The existence of dead time, the three-phase current will be distorted, the high frequency current extracted in synchronous rotating coordinate system will produce errors. Therefore, this paper proposes a strategy of extracting fundamental current and modifying high frequency current in natural coordinate system to reduce the position observation error caused by dead time under low speed and no load conditions. Firstly, according to the symmetry of the current waveform in the positive and negative injection phase, the fundamental current can be considered as the sampling average of the midpoint in two adjacent carriers. The fundamental current and high frequency current are separated in the natural coordinate system and transformed into synchronous rotating coordinate system. Then, for the extracted high frequency current, the sampling value of the carrier midpoint is taken as the current error updated every two sampling periods, and the amplitude of the positive and negative phases of the current is compensated in real time, so that the sampling current is closer to the amplitude without dead time effect, reducing the rotor position observation error caused by current distortion. Finally, the method is verified by simulation and experiment. The method without compensation is compared with the compensation method proposed in this paper, and the position error is observed at different speeds and under different loads. The fluctuation of position error under heavy load is small, while it is large under no load situation. The proposed method reduces the error RMS value by 23.5%~25.0% while the injection voltage is 9.6V. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional method, this method can reduce the position estimation error by more than 20% at 10% of the bus voltage injection amplitude, and the dynamic performance and position estimation performance of the sensorless control system are significantly improved. This method can effectively reduce the amplitude of injection voltage and improve the utilization of bus voltage without changing the injection mode.
徐奇伟, 熊德鑫, 陈杨明, 王益明, 张雪锋. 基于新型高频纹波电流补偿方法的内置式永磁同步电机无传感器控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(3): 680-691.
Xu Qiwei, Xiong Dexin, Chen Yangming, Wang Yiming, Zhang Xuefeng. Research on Sensorless Control Strategy of IPMSM Based on New High Frequency Ripple Current Compensation Method. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(3): 680-691.
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2023, Vol. 38 
