计及常用恒流工况的锂离子电池建模方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.210297

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摘要锂离子电池（LiB）的开路电压U_oc和内阻R是对LiB进行特性评估的重要参数。由于两者与LiB的荷电状态（SOC）、电流I及温度T呈非线性耦合关系,难以为工程应用建立一个参数（U_oc, R）相对于这些变量的准确的解析模型。该文提出一种工程性建模方法,旨在建立参数（U_oc, R）与LiB常用恒流工况范围内的变量（SOC, I, T）之间的映射关系。该方法首先在LiB常用工况范围内设计多个恒流工况实验以获取包含变量（SOC, I, T）典型信息的实验数据;其次采用一套数据处理方法解决LiB运行中SOC与T同时变化问题,并测算典型工作点{SOC, I, T}下的（U_oc, R）;最后分析SOC、I、T到U_oc及R的映射关系,并构建开路电压模型U_oc(SOC, T)和内阻模型R(SOC, I, T)。与现有方法相比,该方法建立的模型涉及的工况全面、实验时间短、参数估计精度高,适用于LiB工程应用和特性研究。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。

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关键词 ：锂离子电池, 开路电压模型, 内阻模型, 温度, 荷电状态, 电流

Abstract：The open circuit voltage U_oc and internal resistance R of Lithium-ion battery (LiB) are important parameters for the feature evaluation of LiB. Because U_oc and R are in non-linear and coupling relationships with the state of charge (SOC), current I and temperature T of a LiB, it is difficult to formulate an accurate mathematical model of the parameters (U_oc, R) relative to the variables for engineering applications. This paper proposes an engineering modeling method to establish a mapping relationship between the parameters (U_oc, R) and the variables (SOC, I, T) of LiB in the concerned application range. This method firstly designed multiple constant-current experiments within the range of LiB common operating conditions, and obtained experimental data containing typical information of variables (SOC, I, T). Secondly, a designed data process was used to solve the SOC simultaneous change problem with the temperature T during operation and calculate (U_oc, R) under the typical operating points {SOC, I, T}. Finally, the method gave the mapping of SOC, I, T to (U_oc, R), and then established the U_oc model and R model, respectively.compared with existed models, this model involves comprehensive working conditions, short experiment time and better parameter estimation accuracy, which is suitable for LiB engineering applications and characteristics research. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the method.

Key words： Lithium-ion battery open circuit voltage model internal resistance model temperature state of charge (SOC) current

收稿日期: 2021-03-11

PACS:

TM911

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2016YFB0900302）、沧州师范学院校内科研基金（xnjjl1917）和沧州市重点研发计划指导（192103005）资助项目

通讯作者: 刘伟男,1990年生,讲师,研究方向为动力电池管理系统。E-mail: liuw0214@sina.com

作者简介: 杨耕男,1957年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力电子系统、可再生能源系统以及微电网的控制、动力电池的老化模型。E-mail: yanggeng@tsinghua.edu.cn

引用本文:

刘伟, 杨耕, 孟德越, 李练兵, 王炳章. 计及常用恒流工况的锂离子电池建模方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(24): 5186-5200. Liu Wei, Yang Geng, Meng Deyue, Li Lianbing, Wang Bingzhang. Modeling Method of Lithium-Ion Battery Considering Commonly Used Constant Current Conditions. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(24): 5186-5200.

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